Endothelial function normal, arterial stiffness increased in COPD
People with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exhibit increased arterial stiffness but normal endothelial function, suggesting that abnormalities of the vascular extracellular matrix may be an independent systemic feature of the disease, say researchers. (Source: MedWire News - Respiratory)...
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 07:00 PM --
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Inflammatory profiles differ in atopic and nonatopic asthma
Children with atopic asthma have a different inflammatory profile compared with children with nonatopic asthma, research shows. (Source: MedWire News - Respiratory)...
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 07:00 PM --
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Mitogen-activated protein kinases and NFkappaB are involved in SP-A-enhanced responses of macrophages to mycobacteria
Conclusion:
These results demonstrate that BCG and SP-A-BCG ingestion by macrophages is accompanied by activation of signaling pathways involving the MAP kinase pathway and NFkappaB. (Source: Respiratory Research)...
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 06:00 PM --
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A Sigh of Relief for ARDS?
Authors: George P, Lapinsky SE
PMID: 19558732 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Respiratory Care)...
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 12:18 PM --
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How to move from belief to proof? Articulating the value of chronic disease and care management programs for adults with asthma.
Authors: Steuten LM
PMID: 19558734 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Respiratory Care)...
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 12:18 PM --
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Comparison of optimal positive end-expiratory pressure and recruitment maneuvers during lung-protective mechanical ventilation in patients with acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome.
CONCLUSIONS: Sighs superimposed on lung-protective mechanical ventilation with optimal PEEP improved oxygenation and static compliance in patients with early ALI/ARDS.
PMID: 19558735 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Respiratory Care)...
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 12:18 PM --
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Metered-dose inhaler with spacer instead of nebulizer during the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in singapore.
CONCLUSIONS: In the in-patient setting during an outbreak of an airborne infection, for treatment of acute airflow obstruction, MDI with spacer was acceptable and preferred by a high percentage of patients. However, a high percentage of nurses had misconceptions regarding the efficacy of and patients' ability to use MDI with spacer.
PMID: 19558736 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Respiratory Care)...
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 12:18 PM --
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Improved outcomes with routine respiratory therapist evaluation of non-intensive-care-unit surgery patients.
CONCLUSIONS: Our RT-evaluate-and-treat protocol for non-ICU surgery patients was associated with more patients receiving respiratory treatments but decreased ICU and hospital stay and lower total hospital costs. Routine RT-driven assessment of non-ICU patients may reduce pulmonary complications in high-risk patients.
PMID: 19558737 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Respiratory Care)...
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 12:18 PM --
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Adult asthma disease management: an analysis of studies, approaches, outcomes, and methods.
CONCLUSIONS: Few well-designed studies with rigorous evaluations have been conducted to evaluate disease-management interventions for adults with asthma. Current evidence is insufficient to recommend any particular intervention.
PMID: 19558739 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Respiratory Care)...
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 12:18 PM --
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The physiology of dinosaurs: circulatory and respiratory function in the largest animals ever to walk the Earth.
Authors: Pierson DJ
The cardiopulmonary physiology of dinosaurs-and especially of the long-necked sauropods, which grew much larger than any land animals before or since-should be inherently fascinating to anyone involved in respiratory care. What would the blood pressure be in an animal 12 m (40 ft) tall? How could airway resistance and dead space be overcome while breathing through a trachea 9 m (30 ft) long? The last decade has seen a dramatic increase in evidence bearing on these questions. Insight has come not only from new fossil discoveries but also from comparative studies of living species, clarification of evolutionary relationships, new evaluation techniques, computer modeling, and discoveries about the earth's ancient atmosphere. Pumping a vertical column of blood 8 m (26 f......
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 12:18 PM --
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What is the legacy of the national institutes of health acute respiratory distress syndrome network?
Authors: Kallet RH
It has been almost 15 years since the National Institutes of Health created the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Clinical Trials Network (ARDS Network) and nearly a decade since the completion of the landmark low-tidal volume (V(T)) trial. In retrospect, the ARDS Network had a profound impact on the design and conduct of clinical trials in critical care. It represented the first time the federal government funded a clinical trials network devoted to Phase-III testing of important, non-pharmacologic therapies. Also the ARDS Network introduced factorial design into critical-care research, which allowed Phase-II testing of promising therapies. Other important contributions from the ARDS Network may not become apparent for many years. These include the ongoing mentori......
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 12:18 PM --
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The evolution of carbon monoxide into medicine.
Authors: Otterbein LE
The discovery that carbon monoxide (CO)-a highly publicized toxic gas molecule-can have powerful benefits and curative effects not only changed how we view CO, but has, with tremendous contradiction, resulted in clinical trials of CO for the treatment of various pathologies. There is sound preclinical evidence that, at a low concentration, CO has benefits in numerous and diverse diseases in rodents, large animals, and humans. CO especially has potential benefits in inflammatory disorders. As CO moves ahead in the clinic, we continue to advance our understanding of how it functions, especially as the number of potential clinical applications expands. CO's mechanisms of action at the cellular level depend on the disease and the experimental focus, but the one consta......
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 12:18 PM --
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Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: quo vadis?
Authors: Betit P
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, a form of artificial circulatory support, continues to evolve beyond its well-established neonatal applications. It is often the most aggressive aspect of treatment algorithms in the management of severe respiratory and cardiac failure. While its use is relatively infrequent and executed in a small number of centers, it remains an important supportive measure while organ function is preserved and restored. Refinements in equipment and techniques continue to develop; patient-selection has changed, in adults and children, and cardiac applications have gained prominence.
PMID: 19558744 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Respiratory Care)...
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 12:18 PM --
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Postoperative pulmonary hypertension: etiology and treatment of a dangerous complication.
Authors: Hill NS, Roberts KR, Preston IR
Postoperative pulmonary hypertension is a challenging and feared complication of many types of surgery, including lung and heart transplantation, pulmonary thromboendarterectomy, congenital-heart-disease repair, and others. The most severe manifestation is acute right heart syndrome, characterized by right heart failure and cardiovascular collapse-a daunting therapeutic challenge associated with a high mortality. Patients with postoperative pulmonary hypertension must be carefully evaluated to identify reversible contributing factors such as fluid and metabolic imbalance, hypoxemia, and right heart ischemia. A pulmonary arterial catheter and echocardiogram are recommended for evaluation, although their value has not been established in carefully......
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 12:18 PM --
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Noninvasive Ventilation in a Pregnant Patient With Respiratory Failure From All-Trans-Retinoic-Acid (ATRA) Syndrome.
Authors: Bassani MA, de Oliveira AB, Oliveira Neto AF
We saw a 34-year-old pregnant woman with acute promyelocytic leukemia, who developed acute respiratory failure from all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) syndrome. We applied noninvasive ventilation (NIV, continuous positive airway pressure plus pressure-support ventilation) to try to improve gas exchange, reduce the work of breathing, and prevent intubation. Initially we applied NIV continuously (24 hours a day), then gradually reduced the daily amount of time on NIV as her condition improved. She was discharged from the intensive care unit after 12 days. Three months after hospital discharge she gave vaginal birth to a healthy female baby. NIV was effective and safe for the mother and fetus, and NIV should be considered for respiratory f......
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 12:18 PM --
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Pulmonary mass in an immunocompromised patient: think outside the box.
Authors: Pena TA, Soubani AO
PMID: 19558747 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Respiratory Care)...
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 12:18 PM --
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Understanding nasal cell rhinovirus resistance may lead to new asthma therapy
Nasal epithelial cells are more resistant to rhinovirus infection than bronchial epithelial cells, say researchers who also report that susceptibility to infection is similar in nasal epithelial cells from those with and without asthma. (Source: MedWire News - Respiratory)...
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 11:04 AM --
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No Benefit in IPF from Interferon Gamma-1b (CME/CE)
RIDGEWOOD, N.J. (MedPage Today) -- Treatment with interferon gamma-1b did not improve survival among patients with mild-to-moderate idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in a large multicenter study. (Source: MedPage Today Pulmonary)...
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 08:59 AM --
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No Benefit From Interferon Gamma-1b in IPF (CME/CE)
RIDGEWOOD, N.J. (MedPage Today) -- Treatment with interferon gamma-1b did not improve survival among patients with mild-to-moderate idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in a large multicenter study. (Source: MedPage Today Pulmonary)...
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 08:59 AM --
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Drug Found Ineffective Against Lung Disease
Title: Drug Found Ineffective Against Lung DiseaseCategory: Health NewsCreated: 6/30/2009 7:00:00 AMLast Editorial Review: 6/30/2009 (Source: MedicineNet Lungs General)...
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 02:00 AM --
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