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Microbiology Medical and Health News Headlines
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All Recent Microbiology Medical News Headlines |
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Genome-wide investigation and functional characterization of the beta-ketoadipate pathway in the nitrogen-fixing and root-associated bacterium Pseudomonas stutzeri A1501
Conclusions:
The expression of genes encoding proteins involved in the beta-ketoadipate pathway is tightly modulated by both pathway-specific and catabolite repression controls in A1501. This strain provides an ideal model system for further study of the evolution and regulation of aromatic catabolic pathways. (Source: BMC Microbiology - Latest articles)...
POSTED 02/07/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Epidemiology of invasive Streptococcus pyogenes disease in Germany during 2003–2007
A nationwide laboratory-based surveillance study of invasive Streptococcus pyogenes infections was conducted in Germany. Invasive isolates (n=586) were obtained between 2003 and 2007. Most isolates were obtained from blood (53.9%) or skin lesions (17.6%). The most common emm types were emm 1 (30.5%), emm 28 (18.3%) and emm 3 (9.6%). Overall, speA was positive in 45.9%, speC in 44.7% and ssa in 14.8% of isolates. SpeA was common in emm type 1 (100%) and emm type 3 (96.4%), whereas speC was often observed in emm type 28 (93.5%). The most frequent clinical manifestations included sepsis (40.1%), necrotizing fasciitis (20.8%) and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (16.6%). All isolates were susceptible to penicillin G, cefotaxime and levofloxacin. Tetracycline shows the highest rate of resista......
POSTED 02/07/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Aerobic biodegradation of the chloroethenes: pathways, enzymes, ecology, and evolution
Extensive use and inadequate disposal of chloroethenes have led to prevalent groundwater contamination worldwide. The occurrence of the lesser chlorinated ethenes [i.e. vinyl chloride (VC) and cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cDCE)] in groundwater is primarily a consequence of incomplete anaerobic reductive dechlorination of the more highly chlorinated ethenes (tetrachloroethene and trichloroethene). VC and cDCE are toxic and VC is a known human carcinogen. Therefore, their presence in groundwater is undesirable. In situ cleanup of VC- and cDCE-contaminated groundwater via oxidation by aerobic microorganisms is an attractive and potentially cost-effective alternative to physical and chemical approaches. Of particular interest are aerobic bacteria that use VC or cDCE as growth substrates (known as t......
POSTED 02/07/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Ecology of coliphages in southern California coastal waters
Conclusions: Coliphage occurrence was related to the temperature, rainfall and salinity within the bay. The adaptation to a broad host-range may enable the proliferation of coliphages in the aquatic environment.Significance and Impact of the Study: Understanding the seasonal variation of phages is useful for establishing a background level of coliphage presence in coastal waters. The broad host-range of coliphages isolated on the environmental E. coli host calls for investigation of coliphage replication in the aquatic environment. (Source: Journal of Applied Microbiology)...
POSTED 02/05/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Conference Update: New Zealand Microbiological Society
November 30 - December 3, 2010 New Zealand Microbiological Society and New Zealand Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology joint meetingAuckland, New Zealand Further informationThis is a multidisciplinary conference generally attracting 200-300 delegates. Most participants are New Zealand-based, although the conference also has a range of renowned international plenary speakers, encompassing diverse fields such as medical microbiology, wine science, food microbiology, industrial microbiology, microbial ecology, systems biology and molecular evolution.Suggested reading: Molecular Microbiology BooksFull range of books on microbiology at Microbiology Books (Source: Microbiology Blog: The weblog for microbiologists.)...
POSTED 02/05/2010 at 12:40 PM --
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Conference Update: Superbugs and Superdrugs
March 17 - 18, 2010 12th Annual Superbugs and SuperdrugsLondon, UK Further informationOrganized by SMI. Keynote address from Professor Peter Hawkey, Professor of Public Health Bacteriology, University of Birmingham and Health Protection Agency.Suggested reading: Microbiology BooksFull range of books on microbiology at Microbiology Books (Source: Microbiology Blog: The weblog for microbiologists.)...
POSTED 02/05/2010 at 12:39 PM --
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Conference Update: International Papillomavirus Conference
July 3 - 8, 2010 26th International Papillomavirus Conference and WorkshopsMontreal, Canada Further informationHPV 2010. Twenty-Sixth Annual International Papillomavirus Conference and Clinical WorkshopSuggested reading: Papillomavirus Research: From Natural History To Vaccines and BeyondFull range of books on microbiology at Microbiology Books (Source: Microbiology Blog: The weblog for microbiologists.)...
POSTED 02/05/2010 at 12:38 PM --
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Conference update: Microbial Ecology and Disease
September 6 - 10, 2010 XXXIII International Congress of the Society for Microbial Ecology and DiseaseCruiseship Aegean Pearl, Greece Further information1st Day,Medical Microbial Ecology; 2nd Day,Dental Microbial Ecology; 3rd Day,Nutrition, Probiotics, Food and Water Microbial Ecology Health Related 4th Day,Environmental Microbial Ecology. The cruise programme includes some of the most well known Greek Islands such as Cosmopolitan Myconos, Rhodes, Patmos, Crete, the fascinating island of Santorini and Ephesus and Kusadasi in Turkey. Suggested reading: Environmental Molecular MicrobiologyFull range of books on microbiology at Microbiology Books (Source: Microbiology Blog: The weblog for microbiologists.)...
POSTED 02/05/2010 at 12:37 PM --
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Call for Submissions
If your laboratory has isolated an uncommon organism, a common organism from an unusual patient, or an organism that presented a particular diagnostic challenge, why not share the information with your colleagues through the Clinical Microbiology Newsletter. The editors would like to receive interesting case reports from our readers for possible publication in the Newsletter. Submitted case reports should contain (i) a brief clinical history summarizing the symptoms and course of the illness, (ii) a description of how the organism(s) was cultured and differentiated from closely associated organisms, and (iii) the results of susceptibility tests for the isolate(s). (Source: Clinical Microbiology Newsletter)...
POSTED 02/05/2010 at 10:49 AM --
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Diagnostic Testing for Encephalitis, Part II
Abstract:
Encephalitis is characterized by both its pleomorphic clinical presentation and its diagnostic challenges. Fever, headache, and alteration of consciousness are classically present, however, the diversity of neurological symptoms can make it difficult to distinguish encephalitis from other infectious and non-infectious central nervous system conditions. Identification of a specific pathogen has important therapeutic and prognostic implications for an individual patient and has broader public health significance in potentially identifying a need for prophylaxis of contacts or environmental control of arthropod vectors. In Part I of this article, the basic features of encephalitis and aspects of diagnostic testing for encephalitis caused by herpes simplex virus, the non-simplex......
POSTED 02/05/2010 at 10:49 AM --
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Sensor combination and chemometric variable selection for online monitoring of Streptomyces coelicolor fed-batch cultivations.
Authors: Odman P, Johansen CL, Olsson L, Gernaey KV, Lantz AE
Fed-batch cultivations of Streptomyces coelicolor, producing the antibiotic actinorhodin, were monitored online by multiwavelength fluorescence spectroscopy and off-gas analysis. Partial least squares (PLS), locally weighted regression, and multilinear PLS (N-PLS) models were built for prediction of biomass and substrate (casamino acids) concentrations, respectively. The effect of combination of fluorescence and gas analyzer data as well as of different variable selection methods was investigated. Improved prediction models were obtained by combination of data from the two sensors and by variable selection using a genetic algorithm, interval PLS, and the principal variables method, respectively. A stepwise variable eliminati......
POSTED 02/04/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) antisense effect to bacterial growth and their application potentiality in biotechnology.
Authors: Hatamoto M, Ohashi A, Imachi H
Peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) are nucleic acid analogs having attractive properties such as quiet stability against nucleases and proteases, and they form strong complexes with complementary strands of DNA or RNA. Because of this attractive nature, PNA is often used in antisense technology to inhibit gene expression and microbial cell growth with high specificity. Many bacterial antisense or antiribosomal studies using PNA oligomers have been reported so far, and parameters to design effective antisense PNAs and to improve PNA cell entry for efficient inhibition of bacterial growth have been presented. However, there are still several obstacles such as low cellular uptake of PNA while applying antisense PNAs to a complex microbial community. On ov......
POSTED 02/04/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Strains nodulating Lupinus albus on different continents belong to several new chromosomal and symbiotic lineages within Bradyrhizobium.
Authors: Velázquez E, Valverde A, Rivas R, Gomis V, Peix A, Gantois I, Igual JM, León-Barrios M, Willems A, Mateos PF, Martínez-Molina E
In this work we analysed different chromosomal and symbiotic markers in rhizobial strains nodulating Lupinus albus (white lupin) in several continents. Collectively the analysis of their rrs and atpD genes, and 16S-23S intergenic spacers (ITS), showed that they belong to at least four chromosomal lineages within the genus Bradyrhizobium. Most isolates from the Canary Islands (near to the African continent) grouped with some strains isolated on mainland Spain and were identified as Bradyrhizobium canariense. These strains are divided into two ITS subgroups coincident with those previously described from isolates nodulating Ornithopus. Th......
POSTED 02/04/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Alterations in the Interaction Between GAL4 and GAL80 Effect Regulation of the Yeast GAL Regulon Mediated by the F box Protein Dsg1.
In this study, we showed that deletion of dsg1 coding for the F box protein Dsg1/Mdm30 delayed but did not eliminate growth of yeast on galactose. Correspondingly, the impaired expression of a GAL1-LacZ reporter in the absence of Dsg1 was only apparent during an early stage of induction. The requirement for Dsg1 in induction was abrogated by the absence of Gal80p or partly bypassed by Gal4 derivatives with decreased interaction with Gal80p. A K23R mutation in the DNA-binding domain of Gal4p was also identified to alleviate the induction defect by dsg1 deletion. On the other hand, the overall accumulation of multi-ubiquitylated Gal4p was not affected by the absence of dsg1 and the induction defect with deletion of dsg1 was partly rescued by disruption of dnm1, a gene encoding a component of......
POSTED 02/04/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Bombyx mori Nucleopolyhedrovirus ORF94, A Novel Late Protein Is Identified to be a Component of ODV Structural Protein.
In conclusion, these results together indicated that Bm94 was a late gene, which distributed both in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus, and was identified to be a component of BmNPV ODV.
PMID: 20135318 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Current Microbiology)...
POSTED 02/04/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Biosurfactant Production by Halotolerant Rhodococcus fascians from Casey Station, Wilkes Land, Antarctica.
Authors: Gesheva V, Stackebrandt E, Vasileva-Tonkova E
Isolate A-3 from Antarctic soil in Casey Station, Wilkes Land, was characterized for growth on hydrocarbons. Use of glucose or kerosene as a sole carbon source in the culture medium favoured biosynthesis of surfactant which, by thin-layer chromatography, indicated the formation of a rhamnose-containing glycolipid. This compound lowered the surface tension at the air/water interface to 27 mN/m as well as inhibited the growth of B. subtilis ATCC 6633 and exhibited hemolytic activity. A highly hydrophobic surface of the cells suggests that uptake occurs via a direct cell-hydrocarbon substrate contact. Strain A-3 is Gram-positive, halotolerant, catalase positive, urease negative and has rod-coccus shape. Its cell walls contained meso-d......
POSTED 02/04/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Endoplasmic reticulum stress is induced and modulated by enterovirus 71
Picornavirus infection alters the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane but it is unclear whether this induces ER stress. Infection of rhabdomyosarcoma cells with enterovirus 71 (EV71), a picornavirus, caused overexpression of the ER-resident chaperone proteins, BiP and calreticulin, and phosphorylation of eIF2[alpha], but infection with UV-inactivated virus did not, indicating that ER stress was induced by viral replication and not by viral attachment or entry. Silencing (si)RNA knockdown demonstrated that phosphorylation of eIF2[alpha] was dependent on PKR: eIF2[alpha] phosphorylation was reduced by siPKR but not by siPERK. We provided evidence showing that PERK is upstream of PKR and is thus able to negatively regulate the PKR-eIF2[alpha] pathway. Pulse-chase experiments revealed that EV7......
POSTED 02/04/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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MLST and a genetic study of antibiotic resistance and virulence factors in vanA-containing Enterococcus from buzzards (Buteo buteo)
Conclusions: The intestinal tract of B. buteo could be a reservoir of vanA-positive enterococci.Significance and Impact of the Study: First study focused to define the occurrence of vanA-containing Enterococcus strains in B. buteo. (Source: Letters in Applied Microbiology)...
POSTED 02/04/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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The concerted action of bZip and cMyb transcription factors FlbB and FlbD induces brlA expression and asexual development in Aspergillus nidulans
Fungi are capable of generating diverse cell types through developmental processes that stem from hyphae, acting as pluripotent cells. The formation of mitospores on emergence of hyphae to the air involves the participation of transcription factors, which co-ordinate the genesis of new cell types, eventually leading to spore formation. In this investigation, we show that bZip transcription factor FlbB, which has been attributed to participate in transducing the aerial stimulus signal, activates the expression of c-Myb transcription factor FlbD. Both factors then jointly activate brlA, a C2H2 zinc finger transcription factor, which plays a central role in spore formation. This sequence of regulatory events resembles developmental control mechanisms involving c-Myb and bZip counterparts in m......
POSTED 02/04/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Spondylodiscitis and an aortic aneurysm due to Campylobacter coli.
We report here the first case of C.coli spondylodiscitis complicated by an aortic aneurysm. Outcome was favourable with surgery and antibiotic therapy. (Source: Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials)...
POSTED 02/04/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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