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Gastroenterology Medical and Health News Headlines
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All Recent Gastroenterology Medical News Headlines |
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CCL2 (pM levels) as a therapeutic agent in inflammatory bowel disease models in mice
Chemokines regulate the pathways that restrict homing of specific subsets of immune cells, and thereby fine tune the immune response at specific lymphoid and peripheral tissues. CCL2 is a chemokine that induces migration of monocytes, memory T cells, and dendritic cells. Previously, we demonstrated that pM levels of CCL2 dramatically inhibit migration of T cells. The aim was to test whether subphysiological doses of CCL2 can ameliorate murine colitis and inflammation-induced colorectal cancer.TNBS (2,4,6 trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid) colitis and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) colitis were induced in Balb/c and C57BL/6 mice, respectively. Mice were treated daily with intraperitoneal CCL2 injections. Disease activity was assessed clinically, histologically, and by measuring inflammatory cytok......
POSTED 03/10/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Chronic asymptomatic pancreatic hyperenzymemia: is it a benign anomaly or a disease?
Authors: Mariani A
PMID: 20208315 [PubMed - in process] (Source: JOP)...
POSTED 03/10/2010 at 02:50 PM --
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Micronutrient therapy for chronic pancreatitis: rationale and impact.
Authors: Braganza JM, Dormandy TL
Micronutrient therapy, designed to buttress tissue methyl and thiol groups, curbs attacks and controls background pain in patients with chronic pancreatitis, irrespective of aetiology. This outcome and the premises upon which it is based facilitate an understanding of links with mutations in genes for hereditary pancreatitis and cystic fibrosis, demography, and predisposition to pancreatic cancer. Above all, there is an opportunity for prophylaxis in individuals at high risk of developing the disease.
PMID: 20208316 [PubMed - in process] (Source: JOP)...
POSTED 03/10/2010 at 02:50 PM --
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Options for the treatment of gemcitabine-resistant advanced pancreatic cancer.
DISCUSSION: The evidence for second line treatments of metastatic pancreatic cancer consists mostly of single arm, small phase II studies. Oxaliplatin-fluoropyrimidine combinations appear promising and have shown increased survival compared to best supportive care. As the molecular pathways governing pancreatic cancer are unravelled, novel targeted therapies may offer the greatest promise for this disease either given alone, combined with one another, or with cytotoxic agents. The need for further, collaborative research is emphasised.
PMID: 20208317 [PubMed - in process] (Source: JOP)...
POSTED 03/10/2010 at 02:50 PM --
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Methods and Rationale for the Early Detection of Pancreatic Cancer. Highlights from the "2010 ASCO Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium". Orlando, FL, USA. January 22-24, 2010.
Authors: Bussom S, Saif MW
Pancreatic cancer often presents at an advanced stage that result in a very dismal five-year survival rates. Novel methods to detect tumors as early as possible are desperately needed. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends against routine screening for pancreatic cancer in asymptomatic adults using abdominal palpation, ultrasonography, or serologic markers. The evidence for diet-based prevention of pancreatic cancer is limited and conflicting. Recommendations about lifestyle changes, such as stopping the use of tobacco products, moderating alcohol intake, and eating a balanced diet with sufficient fruit and vegetables is generally made. However, screening for persons with hereditary predisposition to develop pancreatic cancer has not bee......
POSTED 03/10/2010 at 02:50 PM --
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Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasia (IPMN). Highlights from the "2010 ASCO Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium". Orlando, FL, USA. January 22-24, 2010.
Authors: Bussom S, Saif MW
The diagnosis and treatment of intraductal papillary mucinous tumors (IPMN) of the pancreas has evolved over the last decade. IPMN is a disease of the ductal epithelium and represent a spectrum of disease, ranging from benign to malignant lesions, making the early detection and characterization of these lesions important. As with villous adenomas of the colon, not all IPMNs will develop into adenocarcinoma. Definitive management is surgical resection for appropriate candidates, as benign lesions harbor malignant potential. Growing controversy revolves around issues of natural history, management of small-branch-duct lesions, ability to predict malignancy and/or progression, and surveillance strategies. Given these controversies, novel methods are needed to he......
POSTED 03/10/2010 at 02:50 PM --
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Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Pancreas: What's New. Highlights from the "2010 ASCO Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium". Orlando, FL, USA. January 22-24, 2010.
Authors: Dimou AT, Syrigos KN, Saif MW
Surgical excision has been the mainstay of treatment for neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas (PNET). Compounds like streptozocin and dacarbazin have been traditionally used in inoperable cases and somatostatin to treat syndromes deriving from functional tumors. However, a lot of progress has taken place in the area of molecular characterization of these tumors, revealing activation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and VEGF pathways. Recent data from the 2010 ASCO Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium demonstrate antitumor activity of everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor in combination with temozolomide in a phase I/II trial and of sunitinib versus placebo in a randomized double blinded phase III trial. The role of modern biologic compounds in the t......
POSTED 03/10/2010 at 02:50 PM --
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Locally Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: Where Are We and Where Are We Going? Highlights from the "2010 ASCO Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium". Orlando, FL, USA. January 22-24, 2010.
Authors: Richter J, Saif MW
Although many cancers have seen a decline in rates due to screening techniques, the lack of viable screening for pancreatic cancer yields a large number of patients presenting with locally advanced and metastatic disease. Interesting new data regarding the management of locally advanced pancreatic cancer was presented at the 2010 ASCO Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium, January 22-24, Orlando, FL, USA. Crane et al. presented phase II data exploring induction chemotherapy followed by chemoradiotherapy with multiple agents including cetuximab, gemcitabine, oxaliplatin and capecitabine (Abstract #132). Phase II data was also presented examining the role of S-1, an oral fluoropyrimidine, in the locally advanced setting (Abstract #196). In the wake of several stu......
POSTED 03/10/2010 at 02:50 PM --
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The First-Line Treatment for Advanced Pancreatic Cancer. Highlights from the "2010 ASCO Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium". Orlando, FL, USA. January 22-24, 2010.
Authors: Merl MY, Li J, Saif MW
Pancreatic cancer is sometimes called a "silent killer" because it is often not diagnosed until it is advanced. It remains the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. Gemcitabine has been the front line therapy for advanced pancreatic cancer over the past 10 years. Over this time period, survival benefit has not been able to improve substantially from studies of gemcitabine-based combination therapy. A breakthrough to improve treatment options in this setting is needed. In the 2010 ASCO Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium in Orlando, Florida, USA, several abstracts were presented to explore new agents or combinations as first-line therapy in locally advanced or metastatic settings. In this article, we review and summarize the fi......
POSTED 03/10/2010 at 02:50 PM --
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Any Second-Line Therapy for Advanced Pancreatic Cancer? Highlights from the "2010 ASCO Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium". Orlando, FL, USA. January 22-24, 2010.
Authors: Li J, Merl MY, Saif MW
Majority of pancreatic cancers are unresectable upon diagnosis. Palliative chemotherapy is usually administered in an attempt of prolonging survival potentially and providing quality of life. Gemcitabine has been the solo player in the field of pancreatic cancer treatment after replacing 5-FU since 1997. How to treat a patient with advanced pancreatic cancer failing to respond or progressing after gemcitabine is a true challenge. No established second-line treatment exists yet. Chinese herbal medicine PHY906 provides cytoprotective effects without dampening the anti-tumor activity of chemotherapeutic agents. Several combinations such as S-1/gemcitabine, GTX, FOLFIRINOX showed promising results in retrospective studies. Among single agents, erlotinib and ......
POSTED 03/10/2010 at 02:50 PM --
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Palliative Care from the Beginning of Treatment for Advanced Pancreatic Cancer. Highlights from the "2010 ASCO Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium". Orlando, FL, USA. January 22-24, 2010.
Authors: Lazenby JM, Saif MW
Palliative care ought to be offered at the initiation of treatment for people who are diagnosed with pancreatic cancer, given the poor relative survival rate and the intractable symptom profile of those who have this life-limiting disease. In this article, we argue that palliative treatment of people with pancreatic cancer is not found in extending survival, but rather, in promoting quality of life. This argument is made by reviewing the literature on the state of palliative care in pancreatic cancer and by summarizing key studies presented at the "2010 ASCO Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium" held in Orlando, FL, USA on January 22-24, 2010. The studies discussed here include: i) a study of a random sample of 564 patients with pancreatic cancer that found t......
POSTED 03/10/2010 at 02:50 PM --
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Oral pancreatic enzyme substitution therapy in chronic pancreatitis: is clinical response an appropriate marker for evaluation of therapeutic efficacy?
CONCLUSIONS: An appropriate clinical response to enzyme substitution therapy does not allow the prediction of a normal nutritional status in patients with chronic pancreatitis.
PMID: 20208327 [PubMed - in process] (Source: JOP)...
POSTED 03/10/2010 at 02:50 PM --
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Lymphoepithelial pancreatic cyst: an atypical benign pancreatic mass presenting with a "cheerios-like" appearance.
CONCLUSION: This particular finding could help in the differential diagnosis of this benign lesion from other pancreatic masses.
PMID: 20208329 [PubMed - in process] (Source: JOP)...
POSTED 03/10/2010 at 02:50 PM --
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Malignant melanoma presenting as obstructive jaundice secondary to metastasis to the ampulla of vater.
CONCLUSION: Multidisciplinary management of patients with metastatic melanoma is essential.
PMID: 20208330 [PubMed - in process] (Source: JOP)...
POSTED 03/10/2010 at 02:50 PM --
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Management of Skin Toxicities of Anti-EGFR Agents in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer and Other GI Tumors by Using Electronic Communication: Effective and Convenient.
Authors: Saif MW, Kaley K, Lamb L, Pecerillo J, Hotchkiss S, Steven L, Brennan M, Penney R, Gillespie C, Shaib W
Erlotinib has been FDA approved to be used in combination with gemcitabine as the first line treatment in advanced pancreatic cancer patients. Skin rash has been documented as one of the commonest adverse reactions in patients receiving erlotinib and other EGFR inhibitors. Draw back to this reaction leads to: 1) drug discontinuation or dose reduction; 2) impairs quality of life; and 3) Puts patients at risk of superinfection. Monitoring patients closely and initiating immediate skin care is recommended. However, patients forget how the rash started and when. No standard treatments exist secondary to the diversity of symptoms, variability and intermittent occurrence in relati......
POSTED 03/10/2010 at 02:50 PM --
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Improvements in care in acute pancreatitis by the adoption of an acute pancreatitis algorithm.
Authors: Bragg JD, Cox KR, Despins L, Hall LW, Bechtold ML
PMID: 20208332 [PubMed - in process] (Source: JOP)...
POSTED 03/10/2010 at 02:50 PM --
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Pulmonary toxicity associated with gemcitabine.
Authors: Saif MW
PMID: 20208334 [PubMed - in process] (Source: JOP)...
POSTED 03/10/2010 at 02:50 PM --
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Autoimmune pancreatitis: an autonomous disease or a single entity in a complex puzzle of a multi-organ disorder?
Authors: Uomo G
PMID: 20208335 [PubMed - in process] (Source: JOP)...
POSTED 03/10/2010 at 02:50 PM --
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Improving Nutritional Care
(Source: NLH - Gastroenterology & Liver Diseases - Events)...
POSTED 03/10/2010 at 09:20 AM --
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Acidic perfusion provokes DIS without heartburn in healthy individuals
Researchers have found that, although weakly acidic solutions can provoke dilated intercellular spaces in healthy individuals after esophageal perfusion, most of these individuals do not experience heartburn or pain, suggesting that non-erosive reflux disease patients have other critical factors underlying their symptoms. (Source: MedWire News - Gastroenterology)...
POSTED 03/10/2010 at 09:18 AM --
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