Comparison of Standard-Dose and Reduced-Dose Expiratory MDCT Techniques for Assessment of Tracheomalacia in Children
Conclusion: The radiation dose of paired inspiratory-expiratory CT imaging can be reduced by 23% while maintaining similar diagnostic confidence for assessment of the tracheal lumen compared to a standard-dose technique in pediatric patients. Thus, a reduced-dose technique is recommended for evaluating TM in children. (Source: Academic Radiology)...
POSTED 03/08/2010 at 09:54 AM --
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Studies From Pennsylvania State University Have Provided New Information About Lung Cancer
"Bronchoscopy is often performed for staging lung cancer. The recent development of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) scanners and ultrathin bronchoscopes now enable the bronchoscopic biopsy and treatment of peripheral diagnostic regions of interest (ROIs), researchers in the United States report. (Source: Cancercompass News: Other Cancer)...
POSTED 03/04/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Tracheal lipoma mimicking obstructive lung disease
We report the case of a female patient with a tracheal tumor. She had previously been treated for asthma and COPD, with little response to the treatment. The onset of infectious complications prompted further investigation. Chest CT images suggested the presence of a tumor, which was confirmed by fiberoptic bronchoscopy. The tumor was endoscopically resected. However, the patient evolved to death due to pneumonia and septic shock. (Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia)...
POSTED 03/04/2010 at 10:48 AM --
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New alternative test for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex
We report the case of a female patient with a tracheal tumor. She had previously been treated for asthma and COPD, with little response to the treatment. The onset of infectious complications prompted further investigation. Chest CT images suggested the presence of a tumor, which was confirmed by fiberoptic bronchoscopy. The tumor was endoscopically resected. However, the patient evolved to death due to pneumonia and septic shock. (Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia)...
POSTED 03/04/2010 at 10:48 AM --
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Galactomannan testing of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid is useful for diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in hematology patients
Conclusions:
Our results also support BAL galactomannan testing as a reasonably safe test with higher sensitivity compared to serum galactomannan testing in at-risk patients with hematological diseases. A higher OD cutoff is necessary to avoid over-diagnosis of IPA, and a standardized method of collection should be established before results can be compared between centers. (Source: BMC Infectious Diseases)...
POSTED 03/02/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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[Endobronchial chondromesenchymal hamartoma.]
We present the case of a 2.5-year-old girl with a left endobronchial chondromesenchymal hamartoma with obstruction of 90% of the bronchial lumen. Complete resection of the endobronchial mass was performed by rigid bronchoscopy and application of topical mitomycin C. After tumour resection and a 12-month follow-up, the patient has shown a favourable outcome with immediate disappearance of respiratory symptoms. Successive fibreoptic bronchoscopies have shown no residual tumour.
PMID: 20206588 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anales de Pediatria)...
POSTED 03/02/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Foreign body removal using bronchoscopy and argon plasma coagulation.
Authors: Jabbardarjani H, Kiani A, Arab A, Masjedi M
Foreign body aspiration can be a life threatening event especially for young children with smaller diameters of airway size. The foreign body can result in body response and granulation tissue formation around the object which makes the foreign body removal difficult. In such situations surgical intervention is usually needed but with interventional pulmonology modalities we can restrict the need of surgery.
PMID: 20187671 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of Iranian Medicine)...
POSTED 03/02/2010 at 06:04 AM --
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In Vivo Validation of a Hybrid Tracking System for Navigation of an Ultrathin Bronchoscope Within Peripheral Airways
Transbronchial biopsy of peripheral lung nodules is hindered by the inability to access lesions endoluminally due to the large diameter of conventional bronchoscopes. An ultrathin scanning fiber bronchoscope has recently been developed to advance image-guided biopsy several branching generations deeper into the peripheral airways. However, navigating a potentially complex 3-D path to the region of interest presents a challenge to the bronchoscopist. An accompanying guidance system has also been developed to track the bronchoscope through the airways, and display its position and intended path on a virtual display. Intraoperative localization of the bronchoscope was achieved by combining electromagnetic tracking (EMT) and image-based tracking (IBT). An error-state Kalman filter was used to ......
POSTED 02/28/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Quality study of a lung cancer committee: study of agreement between preoperative and pathological staging [Original articles]
Conclusions: Global agreement between preoperative and surgical–pathological staging was moderate. The best agreement was found in stages IV and IA. (Source: European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery)...
POSTED 02/26/2010 at 04:01 PM --
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Tracheal lacerations after endotracheal intubation: a proposed morphological classification to guide non-surgical treatment [Original articles]
Conclusions: Level I or II PITL should be managed non-surgically. When adequate respiratory status is present, Level IIIA PITL can be managed conservatively in selected institutions only, because these injuries are high-risk injuries. Any PITL associated with injury involving the oesophagus or with mediastinitis (Level IIIB) must be treated as soon as possible by surgery. (Source: European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery)...
POSTED 02/26/2010 at 04:01 PM --
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Bronchoscopic instillation of activated recombinant factor VII to treat diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in a child
No Abstract. (Source: Pediatric Pulmonology)...
POSTED 02/24/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Endobronchial foreign bodies in Vietnamese adults are related to eating habits
Conclusions: Physicians need to consider foreign body aspirations when evaluating patients with recurrent pneumonia, unexplained cough or atelectasis. Awareness of this problem might lead to public health measures that could reduce the incidence of these aspirations. (Source: Respirology)...
POSTED 02/23/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Management of Carcinoid Tumors.
Authors: Detterbeck FC
Primary bronchopulmonary carcinoids comprise a significant proportion of carcinoid tumors. The clinical presentation allows prediction of the diagnosis and cell type and directs evaluation and treatment. Young age, central tumor, and no nodal enlargement are highly suggestive of typical carcinoid. These patients require no further diagnostic or staging tests beyond chest computed tomography and bronchoscopy before resection using parenchyma-sparing techniques. All bronchopulmonary carcinoids are malignant (though indolent), and surgical intervention is the mainstay of treatment. Mediastinoscopy is suggested when there is moderate suspicion of atypical carcinoid (central cN1 or peripheral cN0), with lobectomy and lymphadenectomy if the mediastinal nodes are benign......
POSTED 02/23/2010 at 07:08 AM --
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Interventional Bronchoscopy from Bench to Bedside: New Techniques for Central and Peripheral Airway Obstruction
This article discusses how basic scientific concepts, based on a greater understanding of airway physiology, support the development and dissemination of multidimensional classification systems for tracheal stenosis, expiratory central airway collapse, and innovative interventional bronchoscopic procedures for patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. (Source: Clinics in Chest Medicine)...
POSTED 02/22/2010 at 09:57 AM --
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Endoscopic Management of Emphysema
Lung volume reduction surgery has proven benefits in emphysema. However, high postoperative morbidity and stringent selection criteria for suitable candidates are limitations in clinical practice. Endoscopic approaches to lung volume reduction have used a range of different techniques such as endobronchial blockers, airway bypass, endobronchial valves, biologic sealants, and airway implants to address the limitations of surgery. The underlying physiologic mechanisms of endoscopic modalities vary, and homogeneous and heterogeneous emphysema are targeted. Currently available data on efficacy of bronchoscopic lung volume reduction are not consistently conclusive, and subjective benefit in dyspnea scores is a more frequent finding than improvements on spirometry or exercise tolerance. The safe......
POSTED 02/22/2010 at 09:57 AM --
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Bronchoscopic Management of Prolonged Air Leak
Prolonged pulmonary parenchymal air leaks are an important clinical problem. Standard treatment of prolonged air leaks include continued chest tube drainage, pleural sclerosis, or surgery. Approaches that are less invasive than bedside sclerosis or surgery are desirable but bronchoscopy approaches tried over the years have had limited success. In 2001, an American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) consensus statement concluded there was no role for bronchoscopy for the treatment of prolonged air leaks. The development of bronchial valves for treatment of emphysema allowed the use of these devices for air leaks under compassionate use regulations. Multiple reports of successful bronchial valve treatments, along with the US Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) humanitarian use approval of a......
POSTED 02/22/2010 at 09:57 AM --
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Bronchoscopy: The Past, the Present, and the Future
This article discusses bronchoscopy: its history, including development of instruments and techniques and important historical figures; current techniques and issues; and future possibilities and potential controversies. (Source: Clinics in Chest Medicine)...
POSTED 02/22/2010 at 09:57 AM --
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Bronchoscopes of the Twenty-First Century
This article reviews the technological advances in the field of diagnostic bronchoscopy. (Source: Clinics in Chest Medicine)...
POSTED 02/22/2010 at 09:57 AM --
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Interventional Bronchoscopy from Bench to Bedside: New Techniques for Early Lung Cancer Detection
Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death in the world, and it accounts for more deaths than breast, colon, and prostate cancer combined in the United States. From a historical perspective, the premise behind early lung cancer detection strategy is that early detection of lung cancer is justified if early treatment improves the outcome. New optical technologies such as those presented in this article allow dynamic study of these processes at the cellular level, and it is hoped that opportunities for targeted therapy will be provided in the future. Investigators are on the verge of discovering a multidimensional bronchoscopic platform that can be used to narrow in on airway structures, explore vascular flow and angiogenesis, and discover new features of bronchogenic carcinogene......
POSTED 02/22/2010 at 09:57 AM --
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Early Diagnosis of Lung Cancer
Early detection and surgical resection is essential for the treatment of lung cancer. Although the introduction of low-dose spiral computed tomography (CT) is considered to be one of the most promising clinical research developments, CT screening is used for detecting small peripheral lesions. Tumors arising in the central airways require other techniques for early detection. Centrally arising squamous cell carcinoma of the airway, especially in heavy smokers, is thought to develop through multiple stages from squamous metaplasia to dysplasia, followed by carcinoma in situ (CIS), progressing to invasive cancer. It would be ideal to be able to detect and treat preinvasive bronchial lesions defined as dysplasia and CIS before progressing to invasive cancer. Great efforts have been made to de......
POSTED 02/22/2010 at 09:57 AM --
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