Epileptic seizures warning to police over tasers
USING a taser on someone with epilepsy could cause them to suffer a seizure, campaigners have warned. (Source: Scotsman.com News - Health)...
POSTED 02/05/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Somatosensory-related gamma-, beta- and alpha-augmentation precedes alpha- and beta-attenuation in humans
Conclusions: These observations support the hypothesis that somatosensory-related gamma augmentation but not alpha–beta attenuation represents the initial cortical processing for external somatosensory stimuli. Somatosensory-related alpha–beta attenuation appears to represent a temporally distinct stage of somatosensory processing.Significance: The present study has increased our understanding of event-related gamma augmentation and alpha–beta attenuation seen on electrocorticography. (Source: Clinical Neurophysiology)...
POSTED 02/05/2010 at 11:07 AM --
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Pitfalls of high-pass filtering for detecting epileptic oscillations: A technical note on “false” ripples
Conclusions: High-pass filtering of EEG traces for detection of oscillatory activity should be performed with great care. Filtered traces should be compared to original traces for verification of presence of transients. Additional techniques such as time-frequency transforms or sparse decompositions are highly beneficial.Significance: Our study draws the attention on an issue of great importance in the marking of HFOs on EEG traces. We illustrate complementary methods that can help both researchers and clinicians. (Source: Clinical Neurophysiology)...
POSTED 02/05/2010 at 11:07 AM --
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Background intracranial EEG spectral changes with anti-epileptic drug taper
Conclusions: There is a decrease in spike counts, Teager energy and power from on- to off-AEDs state during intracranial monitoring. The decrease in power is spatially widespread and broadband including power in the delta through gamma frequency bands.Significance: The decrease in cortical activity with AED taper suggests that seizure generation during intracranial monitoring may not be mediated solely by poorly regulated cortical excitation. (Source: Clinical Neurophysiology)...
POSTED 02/05/2010 at 11:07 AM --
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Interictal MEG/MSI in intractable mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: Spike yield and characterization
Conclusions: MSI can detect medial temporal spikes. It may provide important localizing information in patients with MTLE, especially when MRI and/or ictal scalp EEG are not localizing.Significance: This study demonstrates that MSI has a good ability to detect interictal spikes from mesial temporal structures. (Source: Clinical Neurophysiology)...
POSTED 02/05/2010 at 11:07 AM --
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Prefrontal Lobe Growth in a Patient with Continuous Spike-Waves during Slow Sleep
Neuropediatrics 2009; 40: 192-194DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1243224AbstractEpilepsy with continuous spike-waves during slow sleep (CSWS) is characterized by impairment of neuropsychological abilities, frequently associated with behavioral d isorders. These manifestations strongly correlate with frontal lobe dysfunctions. In the present case, an 11-year-old girl presented with progressive behavioral deteriorations after the appearance of electrical status epilepticus in sleep. The duration of CSWS period was 5 months. Serial measurements (at the appearance of the EEG pattern, and 6 months and 1, 2, 3 and 4 years thereafter) of frontal and prefrontal lobe volumes by 3-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging-based volumetry showed growth disturbance of prefrontal lobe volume, particularly prefrontal-......
POSTED 02/05/2010 at 08:49 AM --
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Epilepsy in Patients with Propionic Acidemia
Neuropediatrics 2009; 40: 120-125DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1243167AbstractPropionic acidemia (PA) is an autosomal recessively inherited defect of propionyl-CoA carboxylase with an incidence of approximately 1:50 000. There are few reports on the occurrence of EEG findings and development of epilepsy in patients with PA. Retrospectively, the data of 17 patients with PA from one Italian and four Austrian centers were evaluated concerning EEG findings and the development of epilepsy. Nine patients showed a disturbance of background activity, as well as epileptiform discharges. All nine patients with pathological EEG discharges developed seizures compatible with the definition of symptomatic epilepsy. Five of these nine patients showed fever induced seizures at the beginning. Two of them suffe......
POSTED 02/05/2010 at 08:49 AM --
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Epilepsy and Respiratory Chain Defects in Children
Neuropediatrics 2009; 40: 152-152DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1243186© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkGet connected:Table of contents | Full text (Source: Neuropediatrics)...
POSTED 02/05/2010 at 08:49 AM --
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A ketogenic diet does not impair rat behavior or long-term potentiation
The effect of the ketogenic diet on behavior and cognition is unclear. We addressed this issue in rats behaviorally and electrophysiologically. We fed postnatal day 21 rats a standard diet (SD), ketogenic diet (KD), or calorie-restricted diet (CR) for 2[ndash]3 weeks. CR controlled for the slower weight gain experienced by KD-fed rats. We assessed behavioral performance with a locomotor activity and a conditioned fear test. To evaluate possible parallel effects of diet on synaptic function, we examined paired-pulse modulation (PPM) and long-term potentiation (LTP) in the medial perforant path in vivo. KD-fed rats performed similarly to SD-fed rats on the behavioral tests and electrophysiologic assays. These data suggest that the KD does not alter behavioral performance or synaptic plastici......
POSTED 02/04/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Dimorphism of TAP-1 gene in Caucasian with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy and in Tunisian with idiopathic generalized epilepsies
In this study, we report an association between two TAP-1 functional polymorphisms the I333V and the D637G and most common IGE in Tunisian population, but we fail to find significant results in Caucasian with JME. (Source: International Journal of Immunogenetics)...
POSTED 02/04/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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A Thallium Transport FLIPR-Based Assay for the Identification of KCC2-Positive Modulators
KCC2, potassium chloride cotransporter 2, is expressed exclusively in the CNS (on inhibitory neurons) and plays a major role in maintaining appropriately low intracellular chloride levels that ensure inhibitory actions of GABAA and glycine receptors. As such, it plays a pivotal role in inhibitory mechanisms that control neuronal excitation in the CNS. KCC2 downregulation has been implicated in various excitatory disorders, such as epilepsy and neuropathic pain. Positive modulators of KCC2 expression or activity may thus provide effective therapy for these disorders. However, the identification of such agents is hindered by the lack of a high-throughput screening method. Here the authors report the development of a fluorescence-based thallium (Tl+) transport assay using a Fluorometric Imagi......
POSTED 02/04/2010 at 05:56 PM --
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Intraoperative microrecordings in the posterior hypothalamus of anaesthetized humans with aggressive behaviour
Abstract Two patients with uncontrollable aggressive behaviour underwent the placement of stimulating leads in the posterior hypothalamus
(pHyp). One patient had also multifocal refractory epilepsy. Microrecordings were obtained in both patients during surgery
under general anaesthesia. Firing rate, interspike intervals and oscillatory discharge patterns were analysed in 14 neurons.
A mean discharge rate of 19 Hz, and oscillatory activity at 7–8 Hz were recorded in the first patient with aggressiveness
and epilepsy. In the second patient the mean firing rate was 10 Hz, with evidence of both tonic and random firing patterns.
Previous studies in patients with cluster headache showed that a discharge rate around 20 Hz and lack of a specific rhythmic
patt......
POSTED 02/04/2010 at 12:11 PM --
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An Open Trial of Gabapentin in Acute Alcohol Withdrawal Using an Oral Loading Protocol
Conclusion: Oral 800 mg gabapentin (loaded up to 3200 mg in the first 24 h) is helpful only in reducing less severe and less complicated acute AWS. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)...
POSTED 02/03/2010 at 11:43 AM --
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Interictal cerebral blood flow abnormality in cryptogenic West syndrome
Discussion: Broad cerebral hypoperfusion with posterior predominance involving the hippocampus and lenticular nucleus implies that even cryptogenic West syndrome has a widespread cerebral dysfunction at least transiently, which would correspond to clinical manifestations of hypsarrhythmia and epileptic spasms. Hippocampal hypoperfusion suggests the dysfunction of hippocampal circuitry in the brain adrenal axis, and may contribute to subsequent cognitive impairment of cryptogenic West syndrome. (Source: Epilepsia)...
POSTED 02/02/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Narcolepsy with cataplexy associated with holoprosencephaly misdiagnosed as epileptic drop attacks
No abstract. (Source: Movement Disorders)...
POSTED 02/02/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Can BIS monitoring be used to assess the depth of propofol anesthesia in the treatment of refractory status epilepticus?
Discussion: The cEEG can be considered as the primary monitoring technique in the assessment of the depth of anesthesia in the treatment of RSE. If cEEG is not available, the BIS monitor can be used to guide the level of anesthesia, targeting BS in patients with RSE. (Source: Epilepsia)...
POSTED 02/02/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Characteristics of a large population of patients with refractory epilepsy attending tertiary referral centers in Italy
The characteristics of 1,124 consecutive adults and children with refractory epilepsy attending 11 tertiary referral centers in Italy were investigated at enrollment into a prospective observational study. Among 933 adults (age 16[ndash]86 years), the most common syndromes were symptomatic (43.7%) and cryptogenic (39.0%) focal epilepsies, followed by idiopathic (8.1%) and cryptogenic/symptomatic generalized (6.2%) epilepsies. The most common syndrome among 191 children was symptomatic focal epilepsy (35.1%), followed by cryptogenic focal (18.8%), cryptogenic/symptomatic generalized (18.3%), undetermined whether focal or generalized (16.8%), and idiopathic generalized (7.3%). Primarily and secondarily generalized tonic[ndash]clonic seizures were reported in 27.8% of adults and 16.8% of chil......
POSTED 02/02/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Sociocultural and psychological features of perceived stigma reported by people with epilepsy in Benin
Discussion: Perceived stigma is an important issue in epilepsy in Benin. Social factors seem to be more influential than sociocultural representation of epilepsy. Insofar as research is needed in other African countries to determine the nature and relevant features of stigma to improve treatment and control. (Source: Epilepsia)...
POSTED 02/02/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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WAG/Rij rats show a reduced expression of CB1 receptors in thalamic nuclei and respond to the CB1 receptor agonist, R(+)WIN55,212-2, with a reduced incidence of spike-wave discharges
Discussion: These data indicate that the development of absence seizures is associated with plastic modifications of CB1 receptors within the thalamic-cortical-thalamic network, and raise the interesting possibility that CB1 receptors are targeted by novel antiabsence drugs. (Source: Epilepsia)...
POSTED 02/02/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Impaired gist memory in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and hippocampal sclerosis
Discussion: HS has a dose effect and a probable right dominance effect on gist memory; good item memory supports gist memory performance; and a disproportionate deficit was noted in tasks with high relational demand but not in tasks with simple association. We should develop memory skills for patients with TLE by enhancing performance of gist memory related to simple association task. (Source: Epilepsia)...
POSTED 02/02/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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