Dyslexia Medical Condition News Headlines

Rise time and formant transition duration in the discrimination of speech sounds: the Ba–Wa distinction in developmental dyslexia
Across languages, children with developmental dyslexia have a specific difficulty with the neural representation of the sound structure (phonological structure) of speech. One likely cause of their difficulties with phonology is a perceptual difficulty in auditory temporal processing (Tallal, 1980). Tallal (1980) proposed that basic auditory processing of brief, rapidly successive acoustic changes is compromised in dyslexia, thereby affecting phonetic discrimination (e.g. discriminating /b/ from /d/) via impaired discrimination of formant transitions (rapid acoustic changes in frequency and intensity). However, an alternative auditory temporal hypothesis is that the basic auditory processing of the slower amplitude modulation cues in speech is compromised (Goswami et al.,2002). Here, we co...... MORE...
POSTED 03/09/2010 at 06:00 PM --

Vision in developmental disorders: Is there a dorsal stream deficit?
Authors: Grinter EJ, Maybery MT, Badcock DR The main aim of this review is to evaluate the proposal that several developmental disorders affecting vision share an impairment of the dorsal visual stream. First, the current definitions and common measurement approaches used to assess differences in both local and global functioning within the visual system are considered. Next, studies assessing local and global processing in the dorsal and ventral visual pathways are reviewed for five developmental conditions for which early to mid level visual abilities have been assessed: developmental dyslexia, autism spectrum disorders, developmental dyspraxia, Williams syndrome and Fragile X syndrome. The reviewed evidence is broadly consistent with the idea that the dorsal visual stream is affecte...... MORE...
POSTED 03/03/2010 at 06:00 PM --

Art students who cannot draw: Exploring the relations between drawing ability, visual memory, accuracy of copying, and dyslexia.
Some art students, despite being at art school, cannot draw very well, and would like to be able to draw well. It has been suggested that poor drawing may be a particular problem for students with dyslexia (and a high proportion of art school students is dyslexic). In Study 1 we studied 277 art students, using a questionnaire to assess self-perceived drawing ability and a range of background measures, including demography, education, a history of dyslexia, a self-administered spelling test, and personality and educational variables. In Study 2 we gave detailed drawing tests to a sample of 38 of the art students, stratified by self-rated drawing ability and spelling ability, and to 30 control participants. Students perceiving themselves as good at drawing did indeed draw better than self-pe...... MORE...
POSTED 02/28/2010 at 11:00 PM --

Recording for the Blind & Dyslexic National Achievement Awards
Recording for the Blind & Dyslexic National Achievement Awards Each year, RFB&D collects applications from outstanding students from across the country. Those who demonstrate academic excellence, outstanding leadership, and service to others will be in the running for a cash award.Deadline for submission is April 1, 2010!RFB&D sponsors The Mary P. Oenslager Scholastic Achievement Award (SAA) for college seniors who are blind or visually impaired and The Marion Huber Learning Through Listening (LTL) Award for high school seniors with learning disabilities.Below you will find information regarding the two different awards. The Mary P. Oenslager Scholastic Achievement Awards (SAA)The Scholastic Achievement Awards are presented to RFB&D members who are college seniors and blind...... MORE...
POSTED 02/27/2010 at 06:00 PM --

Lexinome, Proteome, Ima*Genome? New Views of Dyslexia
NIH Neuroscience Seminar SeriesAir date: 4/19/2010 12:00:00 PM (Source: Videocast - All Events)... MORE...
POSTED 02/25/2010 at 12:08 PM --

Music Training Enhances Brainstem Sensitivity To Speech Sounds
At a press briefing, Saturday, Feb. 20, at the American Association for the Advancement of Science annual meeting, a Northwestern University neuroscientist argued that music training has profound effects that shape the sensory system and should be a mainstay of K-12 education... (Source: Dyslexia News From Medical News Today)... MORE...
POSTED 02/22/2010 at 04:00 AM --

A Sensory Fix for Problems in School (preview)
To succeed in school, children must master the “three R’s”--reading, writing and arithmetic--but not all students readily grasp these basic skills. Among English-speaking children, an estimated 2 to 15 percent have trouble reading or spelling, problems broadly classified as dyslexia. From 1 to 7 percent struggle to do math, a disability known as dyscalculia. Statistics vary; dyslexia appears to be more common, for example, among English speakers than among speakers of highly phonetic languages, such as German or Italian. Nevertheless, it is fair to say that at least one child in most elementary school classes in the U.S. suffers from dyslexia or dyscalculia.These learning disabilities defy easy explanation. Neither is the result of faulty eyesight or hearing, both of whic...... MORE...
POSTED 02/18/2010 at 08:00 AM --

Health Tip: Looking for Early Signs of Dyslexia
Be aware of these possible symptoms Source: HealthDay Related MedlinePlus Topic: Learning Disorders (Source: MedlinePlus Health News)... MORE...
POSTED 02/18/2010 at 08:00 AM --

Universal Eye Problem Leads To Better Vision
'Crowding', the phenomenon when people are less able to differentiate letters if they are surrounded by other letters, actually leads to better vision. This is the conclusion of Dr Frans Cornelissen, who together with Dr Ronald van den Berg and Prof. Jos Roerdink is the first to succeed in explaining crowding with a mathematical model. 'At this moment in time our model is mainly interesting in a fundamental sense', says Cornelissen. 'In the long term, however, it may acquire practical applications, for example when designing learning material for children with dyslexia... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)... MORE...
POSTED 02/16/2010 at 03:00 AM --

Should we eradicate dyslexia?
There are some highly successful and influential people who have dyslexia, and some might argue that it is this that has given them the abilities they needed to succeed. What are the positive aspects? (Source: HSJ)... MORE...
POSTED 02/11/2010 at 10:36 AM --

Effects of dyslexia on postural control in adults
Dyslexia has been shown to affect postural control. The aim of the present study was to investigate the difference in postural stability measured as torque variance in an adult dyslexic group (n=14, determined using the Adult Dyslexia Checklist (ADCL) and nonsense word repetition test) and an adult non-dyslexic group (n=39) on a firm surface and on a foam block and with eyes open and eyes closed. Another aim was to investigate the correlation between ADCL scores and postural stability.Findings showed that ADCL scores correlated with torque variance in the anteroposterior direction on foam with eyes closed (p=0.001) and in the lateral direction on the foam surface with eyes closed (p=0.040) and open (p=0.010). General Linear Model analysis showed that high dyslexia scores were associated wi...... MORE...
POSTED 01/31/2010 at 06:00 PM --

UC Innovation Promises New Hope For Children With Dyslexia
Reading and retaining information. That's the challenge faced by the one in five children who have some form of dyslexia. Overcoming that challenge could soon become easier for educators and children thanks to pioneering design research from the University of Cincinnati's internationally ranked College of Design, Architecture, Art, and Planning (DAAP)... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)... MORE...
POSTED 01/28/2010 at 02:00 AM --

UC Innovation Promises New Hope For Children With Dyslexia
Reading and retaining information. That's the challenge faced by the one in five children who have some form of dyslexia. Overcoming that challenge could soon become easier for educators and children thanks to pioneering design research from the University of Cincinnati's internationally ranked College of Design, Architecture, Art, and Planning (DAAP)... (Source: IT / Internet / E-mail News From Medical News Today)... MORE...
POSTED 01/28/2010 at 02:00 AM --

Ambidextrous behaviour studied
Conclusion This research has intriguing findings, but there are a number of limitations to consider: The small number of ambidextrous children studied (87) means that the results are more likely to be affected by chance, thus reducing their reliability. Although the study took into account some factors that could affect the results (gender, birth weight and gestational age), there are likely to be other confounding factors that could have affected the results. It was not clear whether the methods used to assess handedness, language problems and school achievement had been tested and shown to be valid ways of measuring these characteristics. For example, the children’s hand dominance was reported by their parents at age eight, and the presence of individual language problems was ...... MORE...
POSTED 01/26/2010 at 11:08 AM --

Understanding the time variant connectivity of the language network in developmental dyslexia: new insights using Granger causality
Abstract The reading process takes place in a neuronal network comprising the inferior frontal, posterior dorsal and posterior ventral brain areas. It is suggested that developmental dyslexia is caused by a disruption of the two posterior network areas. What remains debatable is whether these areas are affected in their functionality or whether the neuronal networking (connectivity) of these areas suffer from a disturbed information transfer. Thus, it is of major interest to investigate the time flow of the directed information transfer (time variant connectivity) within the neuronal reading network of dyslexic subjects. We investigated adolescents with dyslexia and normal-reading controls with functional magnetic resonance imaging and electroencephalography (EEG) with a p...... MORE...
POSTED 01/25/2010 at 10:58 AM --

Editorial
No Abstract (Source: Dyslexia)... MORE...
POSTED 01/22/2010 at 08:43 AM --

Reorganizing the instructional reading components: could there be a better way to design remedial reading programs to maximize middle school students with reading disabilities' response to treatment?
Authors: Calhoon MB, Sandow A, Hunter CV The primary purpose of this study was to explore if there could be a more beneficial method in organizing the individual instructional reading components (phonological decoding, spelling, fluency, and reading comprehension) within a remedial reading program to increase sensitivity to instruction for middle school students with reading disabilities (RD). Three different modules (Alternating, Integrated, and Additive) of the Reading Achievement Multi-Modular Program were implemented with 90 middle school (sixth to eighth grades) students with reading disabilities. Instruction occurred 45 min a day, 5 days a week, for 26 weeks, for approximately 97 h of remedial reading instruction. To assess gains, reading subtests of the Woodcock Johnson-III, the...... MORE...
POSTED 01/19/2010 at 06:00 PM --

Dyslexia: a deficit in visuo-spatial attention, not in phonological processing.
Authors: Vidyasagar TR, Pammer K Developmental dyslexia affects up to 10 per cent of the population and it is important to understand its causes. It is widely assumed that phonological deficits, that is, deficits in how words are sounded out, cause the reading difficulties in dyslexia. However, there is emerging evidence that phonological problems and the reading impairment both arise from poor visual (i.e., orthographic) coding. We argue that attentional mechanisms controlled by the dorsal visual stream help in serial scanning of letters and any deficits in this process will cause a cascade of effects, including impairments in visual processing of graphemes, their translation into phonemes and the development of phonemic awareness. This view of dyslexia localizes the core deficit with...... MORE...
POSTED 01/13/2010 at 06:00 PM --

Dyslexia and DCDC2: normal variation in reading and spelling is associated with DCDC2 polymorphisms in an Australian population sample
Authors: Penelope A Lind, Michelle Luciano, Margaret J Wright, Grant W Montgomery, Nicholas G Martin & Timothy C Bates (Source: European Journal of Human Genetics)... MORE...
POSTED 01/12/2010 at 06:00 PM --

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