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Glioma News Headlines
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All Recent Glioma News Headlines |
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Cancer risk among children with very low birth weights.
CONCLUSIONS: These data suggested no association between most cancers and very low birth weight, with the exception of the known association of hepatoblastoma and possibly moderately increased risks of other gliomas and retinoblastoma, which may warrant confirmation.
PMID: 19564288 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Cancer Control)...
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 06:00 PM --
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Molecular epidemiology of primary brain tumors.
Authors: Gu J, Liu Y, Kyritsis AP, Bondy ML
Although primary brain tumors (PBTs) are generally considered to be a multifactorial disorder, understanding the genetic basis and etiology of the disease is essential for PBT risk assessment. Understanding of the genetic susceptibility for PBT has come from studies of rare genetic syndromes, linkage analysis, family aggregation, early-onset pediatric cases, and mutagen sensitivity. There are currently no effective markers to assess biological dose of exposures and genetic heterogeneity. The priorities recently recommended by the Brain Tumor Epidemiology Consortium emphasized the need for expanding research in genetics and molecular epidemiology. In this article, we review the literature to identify molecular epidemiologic case-control studie......
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 06:00 PM --
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The prosurvival role of autophagy in Resveratrol-induced cytotoxicity in human U251 glioma cells
Conclusions:
Together, these findings indicate that resveratrol induces autophagy in human U251 glioma cells and autophagy suppressed resveratrol-induced apoptosis. This study thus suggests that autophagy inhibitors can increase the cytotoxicity of resveratrol to glioma cells. (Source: BMC Cancer)...
POSTED 06/29/2009 at 06:00 PM --
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Involvement of mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening in α-bisabolol induced apoptosis
This study expands the notion of the specific action of [alpha]-bisabolol on transformed cells and suggests that it may act by disturbing the structure and function of the mPTP. [alpha]-Bisabolol toxicity is clearly related to its cellular uptake, which is higher in transformed cell lines. (Source: FEBS Journal)...
POSTED 06/29/2009 at 06:00 PM --
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Antiangiogenic Strategies for Treatment of Malignant Gliomas
Summary: Numerous antiangiogenic agents with diverse mechanisms of action are currently under investigation for the treatment of patients with glioblastoma (GBM), a diagnosis that continues to carry a poor prognosis despite maximal conventional therapy. Early clinical trials suggest that antiangiogenic drugs, which target the blood vessels of these highly angiogenic tumors, may have clinical benefit in GBM patients. Antiangiogenic agents have potent antiedema and steroid-sparing effects in patients, and emerging data suggest that these drugs may modestly improve progression-free survival. Although these early results are encouraging, several issues arise regarding the use and efficacy of these agents. Interpretation of the radiographic changes that occur after treatment with antiangiogenic......
POSTED 06/29/2009 at 10:32 AM --
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Novel Drug Delivery Strategies in Neuro-Oncology
Summary: Treatment of malignant gliomas represents one of the most formidable challenges in oncology. Despite treatment with surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy, the prognosis remains poor, particularly for glioblastoma, which has a median survival of 12 to 15 months. An important impediment to finding effective treatments for malignant gliomas is the presence of the blood brain barrier, which serves to prevent delivery of potentially active therapeutic compounds. Multiple efforts are focused on developing strategies to effectively deliver active drugs to brain tumor cells. Blood brain barrier disruption and convection-enhanced delivery have emerged as leading investigational delivery techniques for the treatment of malignant brain tumors. Clinical trials using these methods have ......
POSTED 06/29/2009 at 10:32 AM --
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Gene- and Viral-Based Therapies for Brain Tumors
Summary: Advances in understanding and controlling genes and their expression have set the stage to alter genetic material to fight or prevent disease with brain tumors being among one of the first human malignancies to be targeted by gene therapy. All proteins are coded for by DNA and most neoplastic diseases ultimately result from the expression or lack thereof with one or more proteins (e.g., coded by oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes, respectively). In theory, therefore, diseases could be treated by expression of the appropriate protein in the affected cells. Gene therapy is an experimental treatment that involves introducing genetic material (DNA or RNA) into cells, and it has made important advances in the past decade. Within this short time span, it has moved from the conceptual l......
POSTED 06/29/2009 at 10:32 AM --
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Oncolytic Viral Therapy of Malignant Glioma
Summary: Novel approaches to treatment of malignant glioma, the most frequently occurring primary brain tumor, have included the use of a wide range of oncolytic viral vectors. These vectors, either naturally tumor-selective, or engineered as such, have shown promise in the handful of phase I and phase II clinical trials conducted in recent years. The strategies developed for each of the different viruses currently being studied and the history of their development are summarized here. In addition, the results of clinical trials in patients and their implication for future trials are also discussed. (Source: Neurotherapeutics)...
POSTED 06/29/2009 at 10:32 AM --
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Molecular Epidemiology of Primary Brain Tumors
Summary: Although primary brain tumors (PBTs) are generally considered to be a multifactorial disorder, understanding the genetic basis and etiology of the disease is essential for PBT risk assessment. Understanding of the genetic susceptibility for PBT has come from studies of rare genetic syndromes, linkage analysis, family aggregation, early-onset pediatric cases, and mutagen sensitivity. There are currently no effective markers to assess biological dose of exposures and genetic heterogeneity. The priorities recently recommended by the Brain Tumor Epidemiology Consortium emphasized the need for expanding research in genetics and molecular epidemiology. In this article, we review the literature to identify molecular epidemiologic case-control studies of PBTs that were hypothesis-driven a......
POSTED 06/29/2009 at 10:32 AM --
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Molecular Epigenetics and Genetics in Neuro-Oncology
Summary: Gliomas arise through genetic and epigenetic alterations of normal brain cells, although the exact cell of origin for each glioma subtype is unknown. The alteration-induced changes in gene expression and protein function allow uncontrolled cell division, tumor expansion, and infiltration into surrounding normal brain parenchyma. The genetic and epigenetic alterations are tumor subtype and tumor-grade specific. Particular alterations predict tumor aggressiveness, tumor response to therapy, and patient survival. Genetic alterations include deletion, gain, amplification, mutation, and translocation, which result in oncogene activation and tumor suppressor gene inactivation, or in some instances the alterations may simply be a consequence of tumorigenesis. Epigenetic alterations in br......
POSTED 06/29/2009 at 10:32 AM --
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Biology of Angiogenesis and Invasion in Glioma
Summary: Treatment of adult brain tumors, in particular glioblastoma, remains a significant clinical challenge, despite modest advances in surgical technique, radiation, and chemotherapeutics. The formation of abnormal, dysfunctional tumor vasculature and glioma cell invasion along white matter tracts are believed to be major components of the inability to treat these tumors effectively. Recent insight into the fundamental processes governing glioma angiogenesis and invasion provide a renewed hope for development of novel strategies aimed at reducing the morbidity of this uniformly fatal disease. In this review, we discuss background biology of the blood brain barrier and its pertinence to blood vessel formation and tumor invasion. We will then focus our attention on the biology of glioma ......
POSTED 06/29/2009 at 10:32 AM --
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Novel Treatment Strategies for Malignant Gliomas Using Neural Stem Cells
Summary: Recent studies in stem cell biology have refined our understanding of the origin and progression of cancer. Identification and characterization of endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs), especially those in the adult human brain, have inspired new ideas for selectively targeting and destroying malignant gliomas. Gliomas consist of a heterogeneous population of cells, and some of these cells have characteristics of cancer stem cells. These brain tumor stem cells (BTSCs) share certain characteristics with normal NSCs. It is still unclear, however, whether malignant gliomas in human patients originate from these aberrant BTSCs. Nonetheless, the cellular and molecular similarities between BTSCs and normal NSCs suggest a common research landscape underlying both normal and cancer stem cel......
POSTED 06/29/2009 at 10:32 AM --
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External rhinoplasty excision of a nasal tip glioma in a 6-month old infant: Case report and review of the literature
(Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology)...
POSTED 06/29/2009 at 10:17 AM --
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Inhibitor of Growth 4 Induces Growth Suppression and Apoptosis in Glioma U87MG
Pathobiology 2009;76:181-192 (DOI:10.1159/000218334) (Source: Karger Publishers)...
POSTED 06/29/2009 at 10:14 AM --
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Phase II trials of erlotinib or gefitinib in patients with recurrent meningioma
Abstract There are no established treatments for recurrent meningioma when surgical and radiation options are exhausted. The epidermal
growth factor receptor (EGFR) is often over-expressed in meningiomas and may promote tumor growth. In open label, single arm
phase II studies of the EGFR inhibitors gefitinib (NABTC 00-01) and erlotinib (NABTC 01-03) for recurrent malignant gliomas,
we included exploratory subsets of recurrent meningioma patients. We have pooled the data and report the results here. Patients
with recurrent histologically confirmed meningiomas with no more than 2 previous chemotherapy regimens were treated with gefitinib
500 mg/day or erlotinib 150 mg/day until tumor progression or unacceptable toxicity. Twenty-five eligible patients were enrolled
......
POSTED 06/29/2009 at 09:10 AM --
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Prognostic factors in intramedullary astrocytomas: a literature review
Abstract Astrocytomas affect a significant portion of patients with intramedullary tumors. These infiltratively growing tumors are
treated by a variety of methods—biopsy and decompressive surgery, maximal safe resection, adjuvant oncological therapy. Also,
numerous prognostic factors are reported in the literature. Better understanding of factors that influence prognosis may help
in treatment planning with the goal of prolonging survival. We have thus undertaken an extensive literature review in order
to define factors affecting prognosis. A total of 38 articles were studied. Only tumor grade was consistently reported as
the major factor affecting prognosis. The influence of other clinical factors (age, gender, history length, functional status,
tumor location or extent,......
POSTED 06/29/2009 at 05:13 AM --
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Headache in Young Children in the Emergency Department: Use of Computed Tomography
CONCLUSION: For young children presenting to the ED with headache but normal neurologic examination findings and nonworrying history, CT scans seldom lead to diagnosis or contribute to immediate management. (Source: PEDIATRICS)...
POSTED 06/28/2009 at 06:00 PM --
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Cancer Risk Among Children With Very Low Birth Weights
CONCLUSIONS: These data suggested no association between most cancers and very low birth weight, with the exception of the known association of hepatoblastoma and possibly moderately increased risks of other gliomas and retinoblastoma, which may warrant confirmation. (Source: PEDIATRICS)...
POSTED 06/28/2009 at 06:00 PM --
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Quantitative apparent diffusion coefficients in the characterization of brain tumors and associated peritumoral edema.
CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that ADC values and ADC ratios (minimum and mean of ADC tumor and ADC tumor ratio) may be helpful in the differentiation of metastases from high-grade gliomas. It cannot distinguish high-grade gliomas from lymphomas, and lymphomas from metastases. ADC values and ADC ratios in peritumoral edema cannot be used to differentiate edema with infiltration of tumor cells from vasogenic edema when measurements for high-grade gliomas, lymphomas, metastases, and meningiomas were compared.
PMID: 19449234 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Acta Radiologica)...
POSTED 06/27/2009 at 05:47 PM --
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Extraneural metastases of anaplastic oligodendroglial tumors.
We report on an anaplastic oligodendroglioma and an anaplastic oligoastrocytoma that metastasized to cervical lymph nodes and bones. Both patients were women aged 54 and 30 years, and the metastases appeared following craniotomy. In the first patient, metastases to cervical lymph nodes developed one year after surgery, and, despite adjuvant therapy, recurred in the same location several times. Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of the cervical lymph node prior to neck dissection suggested a possible metastatic primitive neuroepithelial tumor. In the second case, metastases to the sacrum and femur developed after surgery for a recurrent anaplastic oligoastrocytoma. Our two cases reconfirm a rare but definite ability not only of glioblastoma but also of anaplastic oligodendroglioma, namely......
POSTED 06/27/2009 at 04:13 PM --
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