Hungry Cells: Tumor Metabolism Discovery Opens New Detection And Treatment Possibilities For Rare Form Of Colon Cancer
People who suffer from Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, a rare inherited cancer syndrome, develop gastrointestinal polyps and are predisposed to colon cancer and other tumor types. Carefully tracing the cellular chain-of-command that links nutrient intake to cell growth (and which is interrupted in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome), allowed researchers to exploit the tumors' weak spot. (Source: ScienceDaily Headlines)...
POSTED 07/01/2009 at 01:19 PM --
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115 Newly Identified Genes Implicated In Colorectal Cancer
Previously, only a few genes had been associated with the formation of metastases in colorectal cancer. Now, researchers have identified 115 genes that are disregulated both in the primary tumor and in its metastases. In the future, their findings may help identify patients with aggressive tumors at an earlier stage. (Source: ScienceDaily Headlines)...
POSTED 07/01/2009 at 01:19 PM --
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Lower GI Cancer - The Multimodality Treatment Paradigm
A scientific meeting organised by Dr Charles Kelly and the BIR’s Oncology Committee on behalf of the British Institute of Radiology.
This meeting will examine the treatment of lower gastrointestinal cancer with an emphasis on new and exciting innovations in cancer care. From the introduction of imaging advances in the GI tract, through the latest surgical techniques and molecular targets for colon cancer and GIST to the emerging role of brachytherapy in rectal cancer and life after the ACT2 trial, the latest techniques will be reviewed and examined and their roles critically appraised. The latest national and international trials of rectal brachytherapy will be introduced and summarised. We will be joined by international speakers to give a wide-ranging perspective on treatment advances.......
POSTED 07/01/2009 at 12:16 PM --
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Sutent fails in colon-cancer trial
Pfizer has abandoned trials of blockbuster drug Sutent as an initial treatment for colon cancer (Source: Pharmacy Europe)...
POSTED 07/01/2009 at 10:15 AM --
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Estimation of Cachexia among Cancer Patients Based on Four Definitions
Conclusions. The proportion of patients with cachexia varied considerably depending upon the definition employed, indicating that a standard operational definition is needed. (Source: Journal of Oncology)...
POSTED 07/01/2009 at 09:59 AM --
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Improved Communication Encourages Patients To Seek Colorectal Cancer Screening, Study Finds
Improved communication among patients and primary care physicians increases the chances those due for colorectal cancer screening will follow their doctors' advice and complete the procedure, a University at Buffalo study has found. The research by principal investigator Thomas Feeley, Ph.D. (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)...
POSTED 07/01/2009 at 02:00 AM --
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European Urology July Issue Reviews Prostate Screening Studies
The July issue of European Urology, the official journal of the European Association of Urology, features an editorial by Lars Holmberg comparing the results from the European Randomised Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC) with the results from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Ca (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)...
POSTED 07/01/2009 at 02:00 AM --
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Colorectal cancer
(Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres) Previously, only a few genes had been associated with the formation of metastases in colorectal cancer. Now, researchers of the Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin-Buch and Charite -- University Medicine Berlin, Germany, have identified 115 genes that are disregulated both in the primary tumor and in its metastases. In the future, their findings may help identify patients with aggressive tumors at an earlier stage. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)...
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 11:00 PM --
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Intrathoracic lymph node metastases from extrathoracic carcinoma: the place for surgery.
CONCLUSIONS: HMLNMs of extrathoracic carcinoma may be isolated, probably in the context of a particular lymphatic mode of spread. Our experience demonstrates that operation is mainly diagnostic but resection may safely achieve local control of the disease and deserves being advocated in patients with isolated and resectable HMLNMs.
PMID: 19559225 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The Annals of Thoracic Surgery)...
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 06:00 PM --
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Comparison of conventional and CT-based planning for intracavitary brachytherapy for cervical cancer: target volume coverage and organs at risk doses
Conclusions:
The CT-plan is superior to the conventional plan in target volume coverage and appropriate evaluation of OARs, as the conventional plan overestimates tumor doses and underestimates OAR doses. (Source: Journal of Experimental and Clinical Cancer Research)...
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 06:00 PM --
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Cancer Prevention: From 1727 to Milestones of the Past 100 Years
The rich, multidisciplinary history of cancer prevention recounted here begins with surgical and workplace recommendations of the 1700s and ends with 2009 results of the enormous (35,535 men) Selenium and Vitamin E [prostate] Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT). This history comprises a fascinating array of chemopreventive, vaccine, surgical, and behavioral science research, both preclinical and clinical. Preclinical milestones of cancer prevention include the 1913 and 1916 mouse studies by Lathrop and Loeb of cancer development associated with pregnancy or cancer prevention through castration (oophorectomy), preventing chemically induced mouse carcinogenesis as early as 1929, energy restriction studies in the 1940s, the 1950s discoveries and later molecular characterizations of field canceri......
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 06:00 PM --
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Smad2 and Smad3 Phosphorylated at Both Linker and COOH-Terminal Regions Transmit Malignant TGF-{beta} Signal in Later Stages of Human Colorectal Cancer
In this study, we investigated actions of pSmad2L/C and pSmad3L/C in cancer progression. TGF-β inhibited cell growth by down-regulating c-Myc oncoprotein through the pSmad2C and pSmad3C pathway; TGF-β signaling, in turn, enhanced cell growth by up-regulating c-Myc through the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4–dependent pSmad2L/C and pSmad3L/C pathways in cell nuclei. Alternatively, TβRI and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) together created cytoplasmic pSmad2L/C, which entered the nucleus and stimulated cell invasion, partly by up-regulating matrix metalloproteinase-9. In 20 clinical samples, pSmad2L/C and pSmad3L/C showed nuclear localization at invasion fronts of all TGF-β–producing human metastatic colorectal cancers. In vitro kinase assay confirmed that nucl......
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 06:00 PM --
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Insulin-like Growth Factor-II Methylation Status in Lymphocyte DNA and Colon Cancer Risk in the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Cohort
Loss of imprinting (LOI) of the insulin-like growth factor II (IGFII) gene is a frequent phenomenon in colorectal tumor tissues. Previous reports indicated that subjects with colorectal neoplasias show LOI of IGFII in circulating lymphocytes. Furthermore, LOI of IGFII is strongly related to the methylation of a differentially methylated region (DMR) in intron 2 of IGFII, suggesting that the methylation status could serve as a biomarker for early detection. Thus, hypermethylation of this DMR, even at a systemic level, e.g., in lymphocyte DNA, could be used for screening for colon cancer. To validate this, we performed a case-control study of 97 colon cancer cases and 190 age-matched and gender-matched controls, nested within the prospective Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study cohort. M......
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 06:00 PM --
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T-Regulatory Cells Shift from a Protective Anti-Inflammatory to a Cancer-Promoting Proinflammatory Phenotype in Polyposis
T-regulatory (Treg) cells play a major role in cancer by suppressing protective antitumor immune responses. A series of observations (from a single laboratory) suggest that Treg cells are protective in cancer by virtue of their ability to control cancer-associated inflammation in an interleukin (IL)-10–dependent manner. Here, we report that the ability of Treg cells to produce IL-10 and control inflammation is lost in the course of progressive disease in a mouse model of hereditary colon cancer. Treg cells that expand in adenomatous polyps no longer produce IL-10 and instead switch to production of IL-17. Aberrant Treg cells from polyp-ridden mice promote rather than suppress focal mastocytosis, a critical tumor-promoting inflammatory response. The cells, however, maintain other Treg......
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 06:00 PM --
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[6]-Gingerol Suppresses Colon Cancer Growth by Targeting Leukotriene A4 Hydrolase
[6]-Gingerol, a natural component of ginger, exhibits anti-inflammatory and antitumorigenic activities. Despite its potential efficacy in cancer, the mechanism by which [6]-gingerol exerts its chemopreventive effects remains elusive. The leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H) protein is regarded as a relevant target for cancer therapy. Our in silico prediction using a reverse-docking approach revealed that LTA4H might be a potential target of [6]-gingerol. We supported our prediction by showing that [6]-gingerol suppresses anchorage-independent cancer cell growth by inhibiting LTA4H activity in HCT116 colorectal cancer cells. We showed that [6]-gingerol effectively suppressed tumor growth in vivo in nude mice, an effect that was mediated by inhibition of LTA4H activity. Collectively, these findi......
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 06:00 PM --
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Prognostic impact of extracellular matrix metalloprotease inducer
The objectives of the current study were to find the first evidence of a prognostic impact of total and relative EMMPRIN expression in colorectal cancer cells and to analyze EMMPRIN in bone marrow-disseminated tumor cells and normal cells from 2 different gastrointestinal cancer entities.Tumors and normal tissues from 40 patients with colorectal cancer who were followed prospectively (median follow-up, 31 months) were analyzed for EMMPRIN by immunohistochemistry. Bone marrow from 51 patients (13 patients with gastric cancer and 38 patients with colorectal cancer) with evidence of disseminated tumor cells was screened for EMMPRIN in tumor cells and normal cells (cytokeratin 18/EMMPRIN double immunocytochemistry).A significant correlation between poor disease-specific survival (P = .037; Kap......
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 06:00 PM --
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Fumagillin inhibits colorectal cancer growth and metastasis in mice: in vivo and in vitro study of anti-angiogenesis.
In conclusion, Fumagillin was found to suppress colorectal cancer growth and metastasis by suppressing angiogenesis.
PMID: 19563408 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Cancer Control)...
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 06:00 PM --
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Do high-volume hospitals and surgeons provide better care in urologic oncology?
Abstract: Studies focusing primarily on hospital or surgical volume as a surrogate for surgical experience have found substantial variations in outcomes. Increasing surgical experience has been shown to improve outcomes after multiple procedures, including esophagectomy, pancreatectomy, and primary surgery for colon and breast cancer. More recently, evidence has been presented that surgical volume/experience affects quality of life and cancer control outcomes after urologic oncology procedures. Although most of these data pertain to radical prostatectomy, similar conclusions have been reached for radical cystectomy, retroperitoneal lymph node dissection, and management of renal cell carcinoma. This review highlights data indicating that high-volume surgeons and hospitals provide better car......
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 06:00 PM --
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Pfizer's Sutent fails in colon cancer, trial halted
NEW YORK (Reuters) - Pfizer Inc said a late stage trial testing its cancer drug Sutent in advanced colon cancer was discontinued after it was deemed to be no more effective than standard chemotherapy. (Source: Reuters: Health)...
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 04:55 PM --
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Diffusion-weighted imaging in the detection of lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer.
In conclusion, preoperative DWI, especially the LN/T ratio, is recommended for evaluation of lymph node metastasis in patients with colorectal cancer.
PMID: 19561387 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine)...
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 11:42 AM --
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