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Chronic Leukemia News Headlines
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All Recent Chronic Leukemia News Headlines |
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How would I manage a sample submitted for flow cytometry analysis for suspicious chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
Samples submitted for a suspect of chronic lymphocytic leukemia are the most frequently observed in flow cytometry laboratories. These cases require not only a precise and prompt diagnosis but also an evaluation on the possibility of performing additional prognostic tests. We will propose two sequential flow cytometry panels and a personal opinion on how to manage these samples for both diagnostic and prognostic assessment, taking into account the published guidelines and recommendations. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Hematological Oncology)...
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 06:00 PM --
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Telomeres and telomerase in chronic myeloid leukaemia: impact for pathogenesis, disease progression and targeted therapy
Telomeres are specialized structures localized at the end of human chromosomes. Due to the end replication problem, each cell division results in a loss of telomeric repeats in normal somatic cells. In germ line and stem cells, the multicomponent enzyme telomerase maintains the length of telomere repeats. However, elevated telomerase activity has also been reported in the majority of solid tumours as well as in acute and chronic leukaemia. Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) serves as a model disease to study telomere biology in clonal myeloproliferative disorders. In CML, telomere shortening correlates with disease stage, duration of chronic phase (CP), prognosis measured by the Hasford risk score and the response to disease-modifying therapeutics such as the tyrosine kinase inhibitor Imatini......
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 06:00 PM --
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Common genetic variants in candidate genes and risk of familial lymphoid malignancies
Familial aggregation, linkage and case[ndash]control studies support the role of germline genes in the aetiology of lymphoid malignancies. To further examine the role of genetic variation underlying susceptibility, we analysed 1536 single nucleotide polymorphisms in 152 genes involved in apoptosis, DNA repair, immune response and oxidative stress pathways among a unique sample of 165 unrelated familial cases including patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), Waldenström macroglobulinaemia (WM) and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), and 107 spouse controls. We confirmed previous studies showing a polymorphism in the IL10 promoter (rs1800890/-3575T>A) to be associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma, as this allele was found to be associated with both CLL and WM. We also confirmed the role of IL6 v......
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 06:00 PM --
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Commentary on Transcriptome sequencing to detect gene fusions in cancer: Maher CA, Kumar-Sinha C, Cao X, Kalyana-Sundaram S, Han B, Jing X, Sam L, Barrette T, Palanisamy N, Chinnaiyan AM, Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, Ann Arbor, MI
Recurrent gene fusions, typically associated with hematological malignancies and rare bone and soft-tissue tumors, have recently been described in common solid tumors. Here we use an integrative analysis of high-throughput long- and short-read transcriptome sequencing of cancer cells to discover novel gene fusions. As a proof of concept, we successfully used integrative transcriptome sequencing to “re-discover” the BCR-ABL1 (ref. 10) gene fusion in a chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line and the TMPRSS2-ERG gene fusion in a prostate cancer cell line and tissues. Additionally, we nominated, and experimentally validated, novel gene fusions resulting in chimaeras transcripts in cancer cell lines and tumors. Taken together, this study establishes a robust pipeline for the discovery of nov......
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 06:00 PM --
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Phase III Study of Dasatinib Once Daily for Imatinib-Resistant CML
Supplementary editorial provided by OncologySTAT
TAKE-HOME MESSAGE
In patients with accelerated-phase chronic myeloid leukemia who are intolerant of or resistant to imatinib, once-daily dasatinib 140... (Source: OncologySTAT Journal Scans)...
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 09:58 AM --
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88% Of Chronic Phase Patients With Ph+ CML Who Are Intolerant Or Resistant To Glivec Are Still Alive At 2 Years When Treated With Tasigna
New data show that at 24 months, patients in the chronic phase of Philadelphia chromosome positive (Ph+) chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) who are intolerant or resistant to current first-line therapy (Glivec) experienced a rapid response and significant reduction in leukaemia burden when treated with 400mg Tasigna twice-daily1. (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)...
POSTED 06/30/2009 at 05:00 AM --
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Combined PER2 and CRY1 expression predicts outcome in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
The objective of this study was to confirm previous results regarding the differential expression and prognostic significance of the circadian gene CRY1 in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients and its relationship with the expression of other circadian genes and well-established prognostic markers. We also aimed to investigate whether the peripheral circadian machinery may be deregulated in CLL cells. The expression of CRY1, PER1, and PER2 was determined by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in 116 CLL patients. The expression at sequential time points over a 24-h period was measured in six CLL patients and six normal donors. We confirmed the differential expression of CRY1 in ZAP-70+/CD38+ and ZAP-70[minus]/CD38[minus] CLL samples. Subgroups formed a......
POSTED 06/29/2009 at 06:00 PM --
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The impact of cytomorphology, cytogenetics, molecular genetics, and immunophenotyping in a comprehensive diagnostic workup of myelodysplastic syndromes
This report outlines the power of a combined diagnostic approach for suspected initial cases of MDS including immunophenotyping, cytogenetics, and molecular genetics with selected markers in addition to cytomorphology. Diagnostic algorithms should be developed, and immunophenotyping should be further validated for this specific indication. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society. (Source: Cancer)...
POSTED 06/29/2009 at 06:00 PM --
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Novel drugs for chronic lymphoid leukemias: mechanism of action and therapeutic activity.
Authors: Robak T
Chronic lymphoid leukemias include well defined mature B-cell and T-cell neoplasms with diverse natural history and specific morphological, immunophenotypic and molecular characteristics. The most common adult leukemia in the Western world is chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Rarer indolent lymphoid leukemias include prolymphocytic leukemia, hairy cell leukemia, large granular lymphocyte leukemia and T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. Recently, several new agents have been explored and have shown promise in CLL treatment. Novel therapies are being evaluated both in pre-clinical studies and in early clinical trials. These treatments include new purine nucleoside analogs, antisense oligonucleotides, agents targeting the antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family of proteins, receptors involved......
POSTED 06/27/2009 at 10:08 PM --
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Analysis of the quality of reporting of randomized controlled trials in acute and chronic myeloid leukemia, and myelodysplastic syndromes as governed by the CONSORT statement.
CONCLUSIONS: Quality of reporting in RCTs focusing on myeloid malignancies remains unsatisfactory. Further improvement of reporting is necessary to assess the validity of clinical research.
PMID: 19523596 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of Epidemiology)...
POSTED 06/27/2009 at 09:05 PM --
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Identification of a minimal cis-element and cognate trans-factor(s) required for induction of Rac2 gene expression during K562 cell differentiation.
This study investigates the mechanisms responsible for increased Rac2 gene expression during myeloid cell differentiation. Treatment of K562 chronic myelogenous leukemia cells with phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) induces megakaryocytic differentiation and Rac2 gene transcription following a lag of 6-12 h. Promoter/luciferase reporter gene assays reveal that a 135 bp cis-element located between -4223 and -4008 bp upstream of the Rac2 transcription start site is necessary and sufficient for PMA-induced gene expression. The AP1 transcription factor binds to three cis-elements within the 135 bp Rac2 gene regulatory region both in vitro and in vivo following PMA treatment, and mutagenesis of the AP1 binding sites ablates the PMA responsiveness of the 135 bp Rac2 gene regulatory region. Ov......
POSTED 06/27/2009 at 08:36 PM --
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Myofibroblast transformation in metastatic extramedullary chronic myeloid leukemia: a case report.
Authors: Ru YX, Eyden B, Li QH, Mao BY, Liu EB, Pang TX
Primary and metastatic carcinomas have a reactive stroma characterized by many myofibroblasts. These cells have also been documented in nonepithelial malignancies, such as sarcomas, malignant melanoma, and lymphoid tumors but in generally far fewer numbers. In non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, and leukemia, myofibroblasts are rather rarely documented. In particular, there appear to be no reports of myofibroblasts in either primary bone-marrow/peripheral blood leukemia or secondary deposits of leukemia. In this paper, a case of a relapsed chronic myeloid leukemia appearing in an inguinal lymph node is described, containing many myofibroblasts. The case is detailed and presented with a discussion on the role of myofibroblas......
POSTED 06/27/2009 at 04:36 PM --
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Cutaneous lichenoid eruption caused by imatinib mesylate in a Japanese patient with chronic myeloid leukaemia.
Authors: Kawakami T, Kawanabe T, Soma Y
PMID: 19479144 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Acta Derm Venereol A...)...
POSTED 06/27/2009 at 10:28 AM --
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Antineoplastic effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in combination with drugs and radiotherapy: preventive and therapeutic strategies.
Authors: Calviello G, Serini S, Piccioni E, Pessina G
Many data support the beneficial effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) as chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of several chronic pathologies including cancer. Different molecular mechanisms have been proposed to explain their effects, including alterations in arachidonic acid oxidative metabolism and metabolic conversion of n-3 PUFAs to novel discovered bioactive derivatives; modification of oxidative stress; changes in cell membrane fluidity and structure and altered metabolism and function of membrane proteins. Considerable knowledge has been recently gathered on the possible beneficial effects of n-3 PUFAs administered in combination with different antineoplastic drugs and radiotherapy against......
POSTED 06/27/2009 at 08:35 AM --
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Facts and uncertainties in monitoring treatment response in chronic myeloid leukaemia
Abstract: For patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML), current guidelines advocate frequent monitoring using haematological, cytogenetic, and molecular methods, and these have been used to set targets for disease responses at various time points. Recent clinical data, however, have provided new information on responses to treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, which may have implications for how patients should be monitored. Topics of debate include whether time to complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) is clinically important, what benefit is derived from achieving a major molecular response in patients who have achieved CCyR, and what prognostic implications are associated with developing different types of BCR-ABL mutation. Here, current questions relating to CML monitoring are ......
POSTED 06/26/2009 at 09:24 AM --
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CD200 expression may help in differential diagnosis between mantle cell lymphoma and B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Abstract: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) share many features and their differential diagnosis may be challenging, especially when a leukemic picture alone is present. Monoclonal antibody panels are often useful, with CD23 being the most reliable. However, MCL diagnosis should be confirmed by immunohistochemical cyclin D1 detection, sometimes with equivocal or even negative results. Other cytofluorimetric, cytogenetics or molecular techniques are reliable but not widely available.B-CLL leukemic cells express CD200, a membrane glycoprotein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. We investigated its expression on fresh neoplastic cells of 93 patients with a CD5+ lymphoproliferative disease (79 selected B-CLL and 14 MCL in leukemic phase). Although the......
POSTED 06/26/2009 at 09:24 AM --
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Structural modeling of V299L and E459K Bcr-Abl mutation, and sequential therapy of tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the compound mutations
Abstract: Sequential treatment with different tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is one of the strategies for handling chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in which dynamic change in Bcr-Abl kinase domain mutation is often an obstacle faced during TKI therapy. Here we report successful sequential therapy with different TKIs for the CML patient harboring V299L and E459K compound mutations. Molecular monitoring including quantitative analysis of BCR-ABL transcript level and mutation analysis were performed regularly for successful treatment. Additionally a drug-target complex was structurally modeled to investigate influence of amino acid substitutions on drug resistance, and to choose alternative TKI in sequential therapy, suggesting protein structural modeling can be useful approach in selecting ......
POSTED 06/26/2009 at 09:24 AM --
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Array CGH analysis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia reveals frequent cryptic monoallelic and biallelic deletions of chromosome 22q11 that include the PRAME gene
Abstract: We used BAC array-based CGH to detect genomic imbalances in 187 CLL cases. Submicroscopic deletions of chromosome 22q11 were observed in 28 cases (15%), and the frequency of these deletions was second only to loss of the 13q14 region, the most common genomic aberration in CLL. Oligonucleotide-based array CGH analysis showed that the 22q11 deletions ranged in size from 0.34Mb up to ∼1Mb. The minimally deleted region included the ZNF280A, ZNF280B, GGTLC2, and PRAME genes. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that ZNF280A, ZNF280B, and PRAME mRNA expression was significantly lower in the 22q11 deletion cases compared to non-deleted cases. (Source: Leukemia Research)...
POSTED 06/26/2009 at 09:24 AM --
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Hypolipemiant besides antileukemic effect of imatinib mesylate
We describe a case of CML in which, at the usual antileukemic dose, IM induced a rapid and persistent normalization of the levels of serum cholesterol, triglycerides, low- and high-density lipoproteins and glucose. In the present case report we confirm other observations on the hypolipemiant and antidiabetic effects, concomitant with that antileukemic, of IM. (Source: Leukemia Research)...
POSTED 06/26/2009 at 09:24 AM --
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Very late relapse of chronic myelogenous leukemia after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation
Abstract: Allogeneic stem cell transplantation is considered to be a curative treatment modality in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia. However patients are at risk for relapse years after transplantation. Currently we present two patients who relapsed 16 and 24 years after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, respectively. These patients emphasize the need for long term follow-up of such patients. (Source: Leukemia Research)...
POSTED 06/26/2009 at 09:24 AM --
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