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Wednesday, August 27, 2008
 Latest
Bowel Cancer News Headlines
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Bowel Cancer News Headlines
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All Recent Bowel Cancer News Headlines |
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Stem cell indicator for bowel cancer should lead to better survival rates
Stem cell scientists have developed a more accurate way of identifying aggressive forms of bowel cancer, which should eventually lead to better treatment and survival rates. Bowel cancer is the third most common cancer in the UK. The UK-led team, headed by scientists from Durham University and the North East England Stem Cell Institute, (NESCI*), studied tissue samples from 700 colorectal (bowel) cancer patients and tracked their progress. (Source: Stem Cell Research News From Medical News Today)...
POSTED 08/21/2008 at 03:00 AM --
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[colorectal cancer] modelling future capacity needs and spending on colonoscopy in the english bowel cancer screening programme
Background:
Bowel cancer screening using faecal occult blood testing and colonoscopy is currently being rolled out across England. Guidelines recommend that people identified by colonoscopy as having intermediate- or high-risk bowel polyps be offered periodic surveillance colonoscopy because of their elevated risk of bowel cancer. We make projections of the likely year-on-year increase in volumes and spending on colonoscopy due to the screening and surveillance programmes.
Methods:
We constructed a model based on current bowel cancer screening and surveillance guidelines using screening outcome measures taken from the second round of the English bowel screening pilot. This was then used to predict colonoscopy volumes and cost for a hypothetical population.
Results:
For a hypothetical population of 500 000 people, with average deprivation and 66 956 subjects aged 60–74 years, the initial screening and surveillance round would be expected to detect 34 cancers at a cost of £394 157. In the first 8 years, colonoscopy numbers will grow at a rate of 23 per year, most of which will be surveillance colonoscopies. Colonoscopy costs may grow by £11 808 yearly in the same period, representing a cost per eligible person of £2.86 initially, increasing by £0.13 every year. Sensitivity analyses suggest significant changes in these predictions if screening uptake changes by 20%.
Conclusion:
The model has been used to make projections for five primary care trusts within the South Central Strategic Health Authority. Results from the volume and cost projections can inform service planning and resource allocation at local levels for the implementation of the current and future bowel cancer screening programme. (Source: Gut)...
POSTED 08/20/2008 at 11:00 PM --
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Stem cell indicator for bowel cancer should lead to better survival rates
Stem cell scientists have developed a more accurate way of identifying aggressive forms of bowel cancer, which should eventually lead to better treatment and survival rates. (Source: ScienceDaily Headlines)...
POSTED 08/20/2008 at 07:00 PM --
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New way to spot bowel cancer could save lives
(Source: Health Behavior News Digest)...
POSTED 08/20/2008 at 05:50 PM --
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Bowel cancer survival breakthrough
The survival chances of patients suffering from an aggressive form of bowel cancer may be improved by a breakthrough in stem cell research (Source: Nursing in Practice)...
POSTED 08/20/2008 at 09:38 AM --
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Bowel cancer indicator should lead to better treatment
STEM cell scientists have developed a more accurate way of identifying aggressive forms of bowel cancer, which should eventually lead to better treatment and survival rates. The UK-led team, headed by scientists from Durham University and the North East England Stem Cell Institute, (NESCI*), studied tissue samples from 700 colorectal cancer patients and tracked their progress. (Source: Stem Cell Research News From Medical News Today)...
POSTED 08/20/2008 at 03:00 AM --
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Simple bowel cancer test spots deadliest tumours
British scientists say a simple bowel cancer test could save thousands of lives by spotting the deadliest tumours. (Source: News-Medical News Feed)...
POSTED 08/20/2008 at 12:17 AM --
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Stem cell test to help treat bowel cancer
LONDON (Reuters) - Stem cell scientists have developed a new and more accurate way of spotting aggressive forms of bowel cancer, allowing for tailored treatment that should improve patients' chances of survival. (Source: Reuters: Health)...
POSTED 08/19/2008 at 07:18 PM --
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Simple bowel cancer test 'could save thousands of lives' by determining deadliest tumours
A simple test that could save the lives of thousands of bowel cancer victims is in development. (Source: the Mail online | Health)...
POSTED 08/19/2008 at 06:01 PM --
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Simple bowel cancer test 'could save thousands of lives' by determining deadliest tumours
A simple test that could save the lives of thousands of bowel cancer victims is in development. (Source: the Mail online | Diet)...
POSTED 08/19/2008 at 06:01 PM --
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Stem cell indicator for bowel cancer should lead to better survival rates
(Durham University) Stem cell scientists have developed a more accurate way of identifying aggressive forms of bowel cancer, which should eventually lead to better treatment and survival rates. Bowel cancer is the third most common cancer in the UK. (Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer)...
POSTED 08/18/2008 at 11:00 PM --
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Bowel cancer indicator should lead to better treatment
(Public Library of Science) STEM cell scientists have developed a more accurate way of identifying aggressive forms of bowel cancer, which should eventually lead to better treatment and survival rates. The findings are published in the open-access journal PLoS ONE. (Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer)...
POSTED 08/18/2008 at 11:00 PM --
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Investigation of ctla-4 and cd28 gene polymorphisms in a group of turkish patients with colorectal cancer
Colorectal cancer (CRC), also called colon cancer or bowel cancer, includes cancerous growths in the colon, rectum and appendix. The immune system is an important defence mechanism against cancer and is often dysfunctional in patients with malignancies. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) and CD28 genes encode receptors that provide negative and positive signals, respectively. Polymorphisms in these genes can affect their functions. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association of cancer with the frequencies and roles of CTLA-4/+49A > G (exon 1) and [ndash]318C > T (promoter), and CD28/IVS3 + 17T > C (intron 3 position + 17). These polymorphisms were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in 218 Turkish subjects (56 patients with CRC and 162 healthy controls). No statistically significant differences in the genotype distributions of CTLA-4/+49GG (1.8% vs. 6.8%, odds ratio (OR) = 0.250, P = 0.305) and CTLA-4/[minus]318TT (0% vs. 0.6%, OR = 1.006, P = 1.000), and CD28/IVS3 + 17CC (8.9% vs. 3.7%, OR = 0.2411, P = 0.155) between patients with CRC and healthy controls, were observed. We also found that there were no significant differences in the frequencies of CTLA-4/+49G (18.8% vs. 20.1%, OR = 0.920, P = 0.891) and CTLA-4/[minus]318T (7.1% vs. 4.3%, OR = 1.653, P = 0.314), and CD28/IVS3 + 17C alleles (25.9% vs. 19.1%, OR = 1.353, P = 0.139) between two study groups. Present results suggested that CTLA-4 and CD28 gene polymorphisms did not play an important role in Turkish patients with CRC. (Source: International Journal of Immunogenetics)...
POSTED 07/31/2008 at 11:00 PM --
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Assessment of patient organ dose in ct virtual colonoscopy for bowel cancer screening
Justification and optimisation form the basic elements for the radiological protection of individuals for medical exposures. Justification includes the assessment of patient organ doses from which radiation risks are deduced. Medical radiation exposures are justified only in the case of a sufficient net benefit. For screening examinations, such as CT virtual colonoscopy, this implies that patient organ doses should be relatively low to minimise the radiation detriment. Image quality should be sufficient to maximise the potential diagnostic benefits. The Medical Exposures Directive places special attention on medical exposures as part of health screening programmes and examinations involving high individual doses to the patient, both of which apply to CT virtual colonoscopy. Technical factors were recorded for a series of patients having virtual colonoscopy on a CT scanner. In addition, the dose–length product was assessed. Patient organ doses were deduced using a CT dose calculation program. The typical effective dose was 7.5 mSv for male patients and 10.2 mSv for female patients. The effective dose is higher for female patients, as some gender-specific organs are irradiated during virtual colonoscopy. Each patient has two series of scans resulting in doses of 15 mSv for male patients and 20 mSv for female patients. (Source: Radiation Protection Dosimetry)...
POSTED 07/27/2008 at 11:00 PM --
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The bad news: i had severe bowel cancer. the good news: a new op that stops any embarrassment
Mark Davies, 36, a marketing company director, is one of around 35,000 Britons diagnosed with bowel cancer each year. Up to 10 per cent end up with a colostomy bag after the tumour is removed - but not Mark. (Source: the Mail online | Diet)...
POSTED 07/22/2008 at 02:35 AM --
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The bad news: i had severe bowel cancer. the good news: a new op that stops any embarrassment
Mark Davies, 36, a marketing company director, is one of around 35,000 Britons diagnosed with bowel cancer each year. Up to 10 per cent end up with a colostomy bag after the tumour is removed - but not Mark. (Source: the Mail online | Health)...
POSTED 07/22/2008 at 12:48 AM --
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Probiotics for the young and the not so young
Although interest in the effects of the intestinal flora on health dates from the beginning of the 20th century, controlled clinical trials did not begin until its end. Oral administration of probiotic lactobacilli has been shown to alleviate and prevent atopic eczema. Similar effects were accomplished by administering fructose and glucose oligosaccharides (prebiotics) which encouraged the proliferation of endogenous lactobacilli and bifidobacteria. Nonpathogenic Escherichia coli has been shown to protect premature infants from infection. Twenty years later, infants given this E. coli were still found to be less allergic. Meta-analyses have confirmed that Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain GG prevents and treats rotavirus diarrhoea. By reversing the changes in bowel flora which occur with age comes the prospect of rejuvenating ageing immune systems, preventing Clostridium difficile infections and bowel cancer, thereby fulfilling the early promise of prolongation of life. (Source: International Journal of Dairy Technology)...
POSTED 07/13/2008 at 02:15 AM --
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Pyometra presenting in conjunction with bowel cancer in a post-menopausal women: a case report
This case describes a 71 year old post-menopausal women who developed vaginal discharge. This complaint ultimately led to the discovery of bowel cancer in conjunction with a large sterile pyometra.
The pyometra was not due to genital malignancy. The most likely conclusion is that the pyometra may have arisen as an inflammatory response to the adjacent bowel pathology. This case report highlights the need for clinicians to consider non-gynaecological cancer as a possible cause for otherwise unexplained pyometra. (Source: BioMed Central)...
POSTED 07/07/2008 at 11:00 PM --
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[gastrointestinal cancer] severe sequence-specific toxicity when capecitabine is given after fluorouracil and leucovorin
Purpose
Options for single-agent fluoropyrimidine adjuvant therapy after bowel cancer resection include intravenous fluorouracil with leucovorin (FU/LV) or oral capecitabine. These treatments have similar efficacy but differ in convenience and toxicity. We therefore wished to compare their overall acceptability to patients.
Patients and Methods
Patients scheduled for adjuvant single-agent fluoropyrimidine therapy were randomly assigned to receive once-weekly FU/LV (425 mg/m2 FU, 45 mg LV) for 6 weeks, followed by two 3-week cycles of capecitabine (1,250 mg/m2 twice daily, days 1 through 14), or the same treatments but in reverse order. After 12 weeks, the patients were asked which treatment they preferred, and received the preferred treatment for an additional 12 weeks. The primary end point was patient preference.
Results
After 40 of the planned 74 patients had been randomly assigned, real-time adverse event monitoring led to early trial closure because of excess sequence-specific toxicity. Eleven of 14 patients (79%) receiving capecitabine as their second treatment experienced grade ≥ 3 toxicity. This compared with five of 18 patients (28%) receiving capecitabine as the first treatment, and no patients receiving FU/LV as the first treatment (zero of 16) or the second treatment (zero of 12). Similar imbalances were seen in the proportion of patients requiring interruption of treatment.
Conclusion
In chemotherapy-naïve patients, capecitabine produced more toxicity than FU/LV, but at levels in line with previously reported data. However, treatment with capecitabine after FU/LV caused markedly increased toxicity, indicating a sequence-specific interaction. The mechanism has not been determined, but interaction with intracellularly retained folate after FU/LV therapy is a possibility. Oncologists need to be aware of this risk if considering crossing patients over from FU/LV to capecitabine-based regimens. (Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology)...
POSTED 07/07/2008 at 11:00 PM --
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Inhibition of colon cancer cell growth by dietary components: role of the insulin-like growth factor (igf) system.
Inhibition of colon cancer cell growth by dietary components: role of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17 Suppl 1:257-60
Authors: Park JH
Large bowel cancer is one of the leading causes of deaths from cancer in Western countries, and the incidence of colorectal cancer is increasing with the steady increase in life expectancy. Modification of diet and lifestyle provide measures of reducing the risk of developing colon cancer. Evidence suggests that the components of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system may be appropriate targets for cancer prevention and therapy. A positive correlation was found between dietary and lifestyle, plasma IGF-I, and colon cancer incidence rates. Diet, nutrition, and other lifestyle features affect the expression and production of IGF-1 and other members of the IGF family. The purpose of this review is to examine current evidence obtained from our recent studies and others that investigated the role of dietary components in the regulation of the IGF system and colon cancer cell growth.
PMID: 18296350 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition)...
POSTED 07/07/2008 at 01:08 PM --
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