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Acute Myeloid Leukemia News Headlines
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All Recent Acute Myeloid Leukemia News Headlines |
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Acute Myelogenous Leukemia
Genetics, Biology and Therapyseries:Cancer Treatment and ResearchAcute myelogenous leukemia (AML), is the most common form of leukemia in adults. AML is a deadly form of malignancy, the prognosis for which has not improved in the last two decades. More importantly, it is a malignancy that is seen in older adults, therefore the number of cases is likely to rise as the population ages. Over the past 15 years, genetic mechanisms underlying AML have begun to ... (Source: Springer Medicine titles)...
POSTED 03/09/2010 at 08:03 AM --
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Targeting leukemia stem cells
Authors: Hanna K A Mikkola, Caius G Radu & Owen N Witte
Acute myeloid leukemia stem cells can be made susceptible to chemotherapy by inducing them to divide. (Source: Nature Biotechnology)...
POSTED 03/08/2010 at 11:42 AM --
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Gene expression signatures in childhood acute leukemias are largely unique and distinct from those of normal tissues and other malignancies
Conclusions:
This study demonstrates, for the first time, that the expression profiles of childhood leukemia are largely unique, with limited similarities to transcriptional programs active in normal hematopoietic cells, non-hematopoietic normal tissues or the most common forms of human cancer. In addition to providing important pathogenetic insights, these findings should facilitate the identification of candidate genes or transcriptional programs that can be used as unique targets in leukemia. (Source: BMC Medical Genomics)...
POSTED 03/07/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Favourable outcome of patients with childhood acute promyelocytic leukaemia after treatment with reduced cumulative anthracycline doses
Acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) treatment often includes high cumulative doses of anthracyclines, which can cause long-term cardiotoxicity. Here, we report the favourable outcome in 81 paediatric APL patients treated according to the consecutive acute myeloid leukaemia-Berlin/Frankfurt/Muenster (AML-BFM) trials -93/-98/-2004 with an anthracycline-cytarabine regimen in combination with all-trans-retinoid acid (ATRA). Outcomes achieved by treatment with a reduced cumulative anthracycline dose (350 mg/m2) were comparable to those reported for studies with higher doses. Five-year overall survival of the total cohort was 89 ± 4% and event-free survival (pEFS) was 73 ± 6%. Overall survival was similar when comparing AML-BFM trial periods (trial 93: 88 ± 8%, 98: 85 ± 7% and 2004: 94 ± 8%......
POSTED 03/07/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Mitochondrial D-loop variations in paediatric acute myeloid leukaemia: a potential prognostic marker
In conclusion, this is the largest study to show a high frequency of mtDNA variations in paediatric AML and their potential relevance as a prognostic marker in this disease. (Source: British Journal of Haematology)...
POSTED 03/07/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Characteristics of pericardial effusions in patients with leukemia
Little information exists regarding the prevalence and natural history of pericardial disease in patients with leukemia. Recently, it has been reported that the use of histone deacetylase inhibitors is associated with an increased incidence of pericardial effusions (PEs). To study the characteristics and treatment relationships of PEs in patients with leukemia, the authors retrospectively analyzed a cohort of patients with leukemia evaluated at a single center.The authors reviewed 2592 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML, n = 1282, 49%), acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL, n = 336, 13%), or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS, n = 974, 38%), who were evaluated from August 2003 to July 2008. Electronic medical records were reviewed to select patients who had undergone at least 1 echocardiograp......
POSTED 03/04/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Cell-cycle regulator E2F1 and microRNA-223 comprise an autoregulatory negative feedback loop in acute myeloid leukemia
In this report, we demonstrate that during granulopoiesis microRNA-223 targets E2F1. E2F1 protein was up-regulated in miR-223 null mice. We show that miR-223 blocks cell-cycle progression in myeloid cells. miR-223 is down-regulated in different subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We further show that E2F1 binds to the miR-223 promoter in AML blast cells and inhibits miR-223 transcription, suggesting that E2F1 is a transcriptional repressor of the miR-223 gene in AML. Our study supports a molecular network involving miR-223, C/EBP, and E2F1 as major components of the granulocyte differentiation program, which is deregulated in AML. (Source: Blood)...
POSTED 03/04/2010 at 11:00 AM --
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Allogeneic transplantation for therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia
Therapy-related myelodysplastic syndromes (t-MDSs) and acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML) have a poor prognosis with conventional therapy. Encouraging results are reported after allogeneic transplantation. We analyzed outcomes in 868 persons with t-AML (n = 545) or t-MDS (n = 323) receiving allogeneic transplants from 1990 to 2004. A myeloablative regimen was used for conditioning in 77%. Treatment-related mortality (TRM) and relapse were 41% (95% confidence interval [CI], 38-44) and 27% (24-30) at 1 year and 48% (44-51) and 31% (28-34) at 5 years, respectively. Disease-free (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were 32% (95% CI, 29-36) and 37% (34-41) at 1 year and 21% (18-24) and 22% (19-26) at 5 years, respectively. In multivariate analysis, 4 risk factors had adverse impacts on DFS and OS: (1) a......
POSTED 03/04/2010 at 11:00 AM --
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Erucylphosphohomocholine, the first intravenously applicable alkylphosphocholine, is cytotoxic to acute myelogenous leukemia cells through JNK- and PP2A-dependent mechanisms
Authors: A M Martelli, V Papa, P L Tazzari, F Ricci, C Evangelisti, F Chiarini, C Grimaldi, A Cappellini, G Martinelli, E Ottaviani, P Pagliaro, S Horn, J Bäsecke, L H Lindner, H Eibl
& J A McCubrey (Source: Leukemia)...
POSTED 03/03/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Gene-modified T cells as immunotherapy for multiple myeloma and acute myeloid leukemia expressing the Lewis Y antigen
Authors: S Peinert, H M Prince, P M Guru, M H Kershaw, M J Smyth, J A Trapani, P Gambell, S Harrison, A M Scott, F E Smyth, P K Darcy, K Tainton, P Neeson, D S Ritchie
& D Hönemann (Source: Gene Therapy)...
POSTED 03/03/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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NICE issues Final Appraisal Determination on azacitidine
Source: NICE
Area: News
NICE has prepared a Final Appraisal Determination on azacitidine for the treatment of myelodyplastic syndrome, chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia, and acute myeloid leukaemia, which stated that azacitidine is not recommended as a treatment option for people who have the following conditions and are not eligible for haematopoietic stem cell transplantation:
. Intermediate-2 and high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes according to the International Prognostic Scoring System.
. Chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia with 10-29% marrow blasts without myeloproliferative disorder.
. Acute myeloid leukaemia with 20-30% blasts and multilineage dysplasia, according to the WHO classification.
The appeal period for this appraisal......
POSTED 03/03/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Successful allogeneic stem cell transplantation in two patients with acute myelogenous leukaemia and invasive aspergillosis by antifungal combination therapy
We report two cases with acute myelogenous leukaemia after primary failure of induction chemotherapy with the patients developing pulmonary IA. They responded well to a combination of voriconazole (VCZ) and micafungin, resulting in a remarkable reduction of pulmonary IA lesions at short intervals. Thereafter, antifungal therapy was switched to liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB), followed by conditioning regimen for allogeneic HSCT, because of the possibility of VCZ altering the metabolism of chemotherapeutic agents and calcineurin inhibitors. Successful engraftment was achieved without severe adverse side-effects or aggravation of IA after HSCT. Combining VCZ with micafungin followed by L-AmB throughout HSCT could be advantageous in stabilising IA in HSCT patients. (Source: Mycoses)...
POSTED 03/03/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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A new recurring chromosome 13 abnormality in two older patients with <i>de novo</i> acute myeloid leukemia: An Indian experience
We report here two cases of trisomy 13 in acute myeloid leukemia M1 subtype. short-term unstimulated bone marrow and peripheral blood lymphocyte culture showed 47, XY, +13 in all metaphase plates and trisomy 13 was confirmed with whole chromosome paint probes. Trisomy 13 in AML-M1 is a rare numerical abnormality. This is the first Indian report of sole trisomy 13 in AML-M1. Here, we present two cases of elder male patients, which may constitute a distinct subtype. (Source: Indian Journal of Human Genetics)...
POSTED 03/02/2010 at 11:06 AM --
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Mutations of the TET2 and CBL genes: novel molecular markers in myeloid malignancies
Abstract Despite recent progress in molecular research in myeloid malignancies, in subsets of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome
(MDS) so far no underlying mutation was identified. In the myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), the JAK2V617F alone cannot explain the phenotypic heterogeneity. In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), clinical variability exists within
distinct subgroups. Thus, the search for novel molecular markers continues. Recently, mutations of the tet oncogene family
member 2 (TET2) and Casitas B-cell lymphoma (CBL) genes became the focus of interest. With diverse genetic methods, TET2 on chromosome 4q24 was identified as candidate tumor suppressor gene. Sequencing studies revealed heterogeneous mutations
in 10–25% of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML)......
POSTED 03/02/2010 at 04:00 AM --
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p53 flow cytometry evaluation in leukemias: Correlation to factors affecting clinical outcome
p53 is a cell cycle checkpoint control protein that assesses DNA damage and acts as a transcription factor regulating genes, which control cell growth, DNA repair, and apoptosis. p53 mutations have been found in a wide variety of different cancers including flow cytometric assessment of p53 protein expression using anti-p53 monoclonal antibodies. We studied p53 protein expression by flow cytometry (FC) assay in 223 blood and/or bone marrow samples from 72 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML): 54 in chronic phase (CML-CP), 7 in accelerated phase (CML-AP), and 11 in blastic phase (CML-BP); 64 patients with chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL): (34 at diagnosis, 21 in previously treated, and 9 with Richter's syndrome); 44 patients with acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL): 36 at diagnosis and 8 i......
POSTED 03/01/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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New agent for leukemia and MDS
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology 7, 123 (2010). doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2010.5
Author: Lisa Hutchinson
In patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) the overall survival and event-free survival rates are poor, despite advances in modern combination chemotherapy regimens. The use of nucleoside analogs such as azacitidine, decitabine, and cytarabine in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) (Source: Nature Clinical Practice Oncology)...
POSTED 03/01/2010 at 07:47 AM --
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Identification of a patient with 7q32 deletion–associated acute myeloid leukemia and an incidental t(8;14)
We report on a 59-year-old female diagnosed with minimally differentiated AML (M0). Chromosome analysis demonstrated both a 7q deletion and a t(8;14). Fluorescence in situ hybridization studies confirmed MYC/IGH fusion in 35% of nuclei, but the translocation was atypical due to lack of immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) gene disruption. Such an atypical fusion has never been reported, so the effect on MYC regulation due to proximity of IGH regulatory elements is unknown. Real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated no increase in MYC expression (P = 0.12). These results suggest that this novel translocation does not result in dysregulation of MYC expression, so this is likely to be a coincidental, benign finding in this patient. This is yet another example of a classic cytogen......
POSTED 02/28/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of diffuse spinal bone marrow infiltration in patients with hematological malignancies.
CONCLUSION: DCE-MRI of spine can be a useful tool in detecting diffuse marrow infiltration of hematological malignancies, while its parameters including E(max), ES, and TTP can reflect the malignancies' histological grade.
PMID: 20191066 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Korean J Radiol)...
POSTED 02/28/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Urolithiasis in patients suffering from malignant hematologic diseases.
CONCLUSION: The incidence of urolithiasis for malignant hematologic patients was significantly higher than that for the control group.
PMID: 20191017 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Yonsei Medical Journal)...
POSTED 02/28/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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A Case Report of the Second de Novo Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Following Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation in a Patient with the First AML.
We present a case initially diagnosed as de novo AML without a cytogenetic abnormality. The patient was successfully treated with an HLA-matched sibling allogeneic HSCT. However, more than six years later, AML developed again and was associated with new complex cytogenetic abnormalities. After a second HSCT, the patient has been followed without serious complications. Considering the allogeneic setting, the newly developed cytogenetic abnormalities, a relatively long latent period, and the good clinical course after the second allogeneic HSCT, this case might represent a second de novo AML following successful treatment of the first AML.
PMID: 20195413 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine)...
POSTED 02/28/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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