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Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia News Headlines
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All Recent Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia News Headlines |
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Gene expression signatures in childhood acute leukemias are largely unique and distinct from those of normal tissues and other malignancies
Conclusions:
This study demonstrates, for the first time, that the expression profiles of childhood leukemia are largely unique, with limited similarities to transcriptional programs active in normal hematopoietic cells, non-hematopoietic normal tissues or the most common forms of human cancer. In addition to providing important pathogenetic insights, these findings should facilitate the identification of candidate genes or transcriptional programs that can be used as unique targets in leukemia. (Source: BMC Medical Genomics)...
POSTED 03/07/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Central nervous system prophylaxis in adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Central nervous system (CNS) recurrence continues to be a significant complication in the treatment of adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Preventing CNS recurrence has been a therapeutic challenge and has not been addressed critically in many clinical trials. Adult studies modeled on childhood ALL studies have used multiple treatment modalities, including radiation therapy, systemic therapy, intrathecal therapy, and combinations thereof. Cranial irradiation is effective but is offset by substantial toxicity, including neurologic sequelae. Systemic chemotherapy, especially with cytarabine (AraC) and methotrexate, has demonstrated promise in decreasing CNS recurrence, but therapeutic levels of drugs in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are not maintained. Intrathecal chemoth......
POSTED 03/04/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Verification of the susceptibility loci on 7p12.2, 10q21.2, and 14q11.2 in precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia of childhood
Recent genome-wide association data have implicated genetic variation at 7p12.2 (IKZF1), 10q21.2 (ARIDB5), and 14q11.2 (CEBPE) in the etiology of B-cell childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). To verify and further examine the relationship between these variants and ALL risk, we genotyped 1384 cases of precursor B-cell childhood ALL and 1877 controls from Germany and the United Kingdom. The combined data provided statistically significant support for an association between genotype at each of these loci and ALL risk; odds ratios (OR), 1.69 (P = 7.51 x10–22), 1.80 (P = 5.90 x 10–28), and 1.27 (P = 4.90 x 10–6), respectively. Furthermore, the risk of ALL increases with an increasing numbers of variant alleles for the 3 loci (ORper-allele = 1.53, 95% confidence interva......
POSTED 03/04/2010 at 11:00 AM --
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Interconnecting molecular pathways in the pathogenesis and drug sensitivity of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
To identify dysregulated pathways in distinct phases of NOTCH1-mediated T-cell leukemogenesis, as well as small-molecule inhibitors that could synergize with or substitute for -secretase inhibitors (GSIs) in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) therapy, we compared gene expression profiles in a Notch1-induced mouse model of T-ALL with those in human T-ALL. The overall patterns of NOTCH1-mediated gene expression in human and mouse T-ALLs were remarkably similar, as defined early in transformation in the mouse by the regulation of MYC and its target genes and activation of nuclear factor-B and PI3K/AKT pathways. Later events in murine Notch1-mediated leukemogenesis included down-regulation of genes encoding tumor suppressors and negative cell cycle regulators. Gene set enrichment anal......
POSTED 03/04/2010 at 11:00 AM --
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ARIAD Receives Orphan Drug Designations For Its Investigational Pan BCR-ABL Inhibitor, AP24534, In Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
ARIAD Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (NASDAQ: ARIA) announced that its investigational pan-BCR-ABL inhibitor, AP24534, has been granted orphan drug designation by both the U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA). In the U.S., the orphan designation of AP24534 is for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL) and in the E.U., its orphan designation is for CML and acute lymphoblastic leukemia... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)...
POSTED 03/03/2010 at 04:00 AM --
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Overcoming Multidrug Resistance In Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cells
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) most commonly affects children, in whom there is an overall cure rate of 85%. A strong predictor of poor outcome is resistance to chemotherapy with glucocorticoids. Such resistance is caused, at least in part, by an inability of the leukemic cells to die by a process known as mitochondrial apoptosis. Many researchers are therefore trying to find ways to overcome the block in mitochondrial apoptosis in glucocorticoid-resistant leukemic cells... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)...
POSTED 03/02/2010 at 07:00 AM --
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Overcoming Multidrug Resistance In Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cells
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) most commonly affects children, in whom there is an overall cure rate of 85%. A strong predictor of poor outcome is resistance to chemotherapy with glucocorticoids. Such resistance is caused, at least in part, by an inability of the leukemic cells to die by a process known as mitochondrial apoptosis... (Source: MRSA / Drug Resistance News From Medical News Today)...
POSTED 03/02/2010 at 07:00 AM --
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Representativeness of child controls recruited by random digit dialling
Bailey HD, Milne E, de Klerk N, Fritschi L, Bower C, Attia J, Armstrong BK. Representativeness of child controls recruited by random digit dialling. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology 2010. Recruiting control subjects who are representative of the population from which the cases are drawn is a challenge in case[ndash]control studies. This paper examines the performance of random digit dialling (RDD) in obtaining a control sample, and the sample's representativeness of the population with respect to socio-economic status. The study subjects were recruited from 2003 to 2006 for a national, population-based case[ndash]control study investigating causes of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) in children (Source: Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology)...
POSTED 03/01/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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No Evidence of a Trial Effect in Newly Diagnosed Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia [Article]
Conclusions Clinical trial participation does not, by itself, lead to improved outcome for pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the current era. Discussions about participation in a clinical trial should focus on improvement of future therapy, not the direct benefit of the research participant. (Source: Archives of Pediatrics)...
POSTED 03/01/2010 at 02:50 PM --
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New agent for leukemia and MDS
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology 7, 123 (2010). doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2010.5
Author: Lisa Hutchinson
In patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) the overall survival and event-free survival rates are poor, despite advances in modern combination chemotherapy regimens. The use of nucleoside analogs such as azacitidine, decitabine, and cytarabine in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) (Source: Nature Clinical Practice Oncology)...
POSTED 03/01/2010 at 07:47 AM --
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Hematology: Improved outcome for young adult patients with ALL
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology 7, 132 (2010). doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2010.14
Author: Raymond Hutchinson
The success achieved in the management of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia has now been extended to older adolescents and young adults, as demonstrated recently by Nachman and coauthors. The effectiveness of treatment with an intense multiagent chemotherapy protocol renders the use of allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation in first remission questionable, and calls for careful evaluation of the use of this chemotherapy in this patient population. (Source: Nature Clinical Practice Oncology)...
POSTED 03/01/2010 at 07:47 AM --
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ETV6/RUNX1 abrogates mitotic checkpoint function and targets its key player MAD2L1
ETV6/RUNX1 abrogates mitotic checkpoint function and targets its key player MAD2L1
Oncogene advance online publication, March 1, 2010. doi:10.1038/onc.2010.53
Authors: G Krapf, U Kaindl, A Kilbey, G Fuka, A Inthal, R Joas, G Mann, J C Neil, O A Haas
& E R Panzer-Grümayer (Source: Oncogene)...
POSTED 02/28/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Array comparative genomic hybridization analysis of adult acute leukemia patients
Abstract: We have performed a retrospective array-based comparative hybridization (array-CGH) study on 41 acute leukemia samples [n=17 acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients only at diagnosis, n=3 ALL patients both at diagnosis and relapse; n=20 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients only at diagnosis and n=1 AML patient both at diagnosis and relapse] using an Agilent 44K array. In addition to previously detected cytogenetic aberrations, we observed cryptic aberrations in 95% of ALL and 90.5% of AML cases. ALL-specific recurrent abnormalities were RB1 (n=3), PAX5 (n=4), and CDKN2B (n=3) deletions; AML-specific recurrent abnormalities were HOXA9 and HOXA10 (n=2) deletions and NOTCH1 duplication (n=2). Recurrent duplication of the ELK1 oncogene was observed in both ALL (n=2) and AML (n=3......
POSTED 02/28/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of diffuse spinal bone marrow infiltration in patients with hematological malignancies.
CONCLUSION: DCE-MRI of spine can be a useful tool in detecting diffuse marrow infiltration of hematological malignancies, while its parameters including E(max), ES, and TTP can reflect the malignancies' histological grade.
PMID: 20191066 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Korean J Radiol)...
POSTED 02/28/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Results of hematopoietic stem cell transplant in shiraz: 15 years experience in southern iran.
Conclusions: These data reflect the important role of hematopoietic stem cell transplant in improving survival for a variety of hematopoietic system disorders at our center in Southern Iran. In patients with B-thalassemia major hematopoietic stem cell transplant seems to be the treatment of choice, because it leads to a cure in all classes (Lucarelli risk group, I-III). Based on high success rates in patients with class II and III thalassemia with the addition of the antithymocyte globulin to conditioning regimen of stem cell transplant, we also recommend using this new method of conditioning in transplant of thalassemia patients.
PMID: 20199373 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Experimental and Clinical Transplantation : official journal of the Middle East Society for Organ Transplantati......
POSTED 02/28/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Principles of chemotherapy
This article describes the development of the paediatric cooperative study groups producing trials in the U.K., reviews the common chemotherapy drugs in use in childhood cancer treatment and describes the principles of the chemotherapy pathway in cancer treatment as applied to children. (Source: Paediatrics and Child Health)...
POSTED 02/28/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Implications of infectious diseases and the adrenal hypothesis for the etiology of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Authors: Azevedo-Silva F, de Camargo B, Pombo-de-Oliveira MS
PMID: 20191237 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Braz J Med Biol Res)...
POSTED 02/25/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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Immunoglobulin heavy chain locus chromosomal translocations in B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia: rare clinical curios or potent genetic drivers?
Chromosomal translocations involving the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) locus define common subgroups of B-cell lymphoma but are rare in B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL). Recent fluorescent in situ hybridization and molecular cloning studies have identified several novel IGH translocations involving genes that play important roles in normal hemopoiesis, including the cytokine receptor genes CRLF2 and EPOR, all members of the CCAAT enhancer-binding protein gene family, as well as genes not normally expressed in hemopoietic cells including inhibitor of DNA binding 4. IGH translocation results in deregulated target gene expression because of juxtaposition with IGH transcriptional enhancers. However, many genes targeted by IGH translocations are also more commonly dere......
POSTED 02/25/2010 at 11:22 AM --
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Emergence of BCR-ABL-specific cytotoxic T cells in the bone marrow of patients with Ph+ acute lymphoblastic leukemia during long-term imatinib mesylate treatment
Imatinib mesylate has been demonstrated to allow the emergence of T cells directed against chronic myeloid leukemia cells. A total of 10 Philadelphia chromosome–positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients receiving high-dose imatinib mesylate maintenance underwent long-term immunological monitoring (range, 2-65 months) of p190BCR-ABL–specific T cells in the bone marrow and peripheral blood. p190BCR-ABL–specific T lymphocytes were detected in all patients, more frequently in bone marrow than in peripheral blood samples (67% vs 25%, P < .01) and resulted significantly associated with lower minimal residual disease values (P < .001), whereas absent at leukemia relapse. Specific T cells were mainly effector memory CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, producing interferon-, tumor n......
POSTED 02/25/2010 at 11:22 AM --
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A Genome-wide screen identifies frequently methylated genes in haematological and epithelial cancers
Background:
Genetic as well as epigenetic alterations are a hallmark of both epithelial and haematological malignancies. High throughput screens are required to identify epigenetic markers that can be useful for diagnostic and prognostic purposes across malignancies.
Results:
Here we report for the first time the use of the MIRA assay (methylated CpG island recovery assay) in combination with genome-wide CpG island arrays to identify epigenetic molecular markers in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) on a genome-wide scale. We identified 30 genes demonstrating methylation frequencies of greater than or equal to 25% in childhood ALL, nine genes showed significantly different methylation frequencies in B vs T-ALL. For majority of the genes expression could be restored in methylated ......
POSTED 02/24/2010 at 06:00 PM --
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